Chemical Engineering 7 & 8 th sem

08.701 CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DESIGN I (H)

Credits:5 L/T/P:3/2/0

Module I

General design considerations; Design codes; Design pressure; Design temperature; Design

stress; materials; welded joint efficiencies; corrosion allowances; Design loads, liquid storage

tank codes, classification, Storage tanks for liquefied gases, Horizontal, cylindrical storage tanks

with flat head, design of shell, bottom plates, self supported, and column supported roofs, wind

girder, nozzles and other accessories.

Bolted Flanges: Types of Flanges, and selection, Gaskets-Design and selection of gasket, gasket

seating , bolt diameter. Design of non-standard flanges.

Module II

Unfired pressure vessel: Pressure vessel codes, classification of pressure vessels, Design of

cylindrical and spherical shell under internal and external pressures; Selection and design of flat

plate, torisperical, ellipsoidal, and conical clousures, compensations of openings.

Tall vertical & horizontal vessels: Pressure dead weight, wind, earthquake and eccentric loads

and induced stresses; combined stresses, Shell design of skirt supported vessels. Vessel supports;

Design of skirt, lug, and saddle supports.

Design of Pipes: Pipe thickness, pipe diameter for condensate piping, pipe diameter for steam,

pipe supports. Design of pipe lines for natural gas, transportation of crude oil. Pipe lines in sea

water. Pipeline design on fluid dynamics parameters. Optimum size of delivery of pump

operation.

Textbooks:

1. Bhattacharya, B.C.,”Introduction to Chemical Engineering Design – Mechanical Aspect”,

Chemical Engineering Education Development Centre, IIT, Madras.

2. Joshi, M.V., “Process Equipment Design”, McMillan India.

3. Brownell & Young, “Process Equipment Design”, John Wiley.

References:

1. Perry, Robert H., Green Don W “8th Edn- Perry’s Chemical Engineering Handbook”-McGraw

Hill New Delhi.

2. E.E. Ludwig – “Applied Process Design in Chemical Petrochemical Plants” – Gulf Publishing

Co. 1964 Vol. – 2.

3. Coulson J.M. Richardson J.F. – “Chemical Engineering Vol-6th Edn”. Pergaman Process.

4. Standards : IS 403 (1967), 803 (1963) & 2825 & TEMA

Note:

The question paper consists of Part A and Part B. Part A is for 50 marks and comprises of

2 questions from first module. The candidate has to answer one question from it. Part B is for 50

marks and comprises of 2 questions from second module. The candidate has to answer one

question from it. IS Codes mentioned in the reference (item no. 4) are permitted for the

examination.

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08.702 CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY II (H)

Credits:4 L/T/P:3/1/0

Module I

Petroleum: Classification of crude, characteristics of crude – U.O.P Characterisation factor,

Correlation Index, Distillation Characteristics –True Boiling Point(TBP) and ASTM distillation,

Equilibrium Flash Vapourization (EFV), viscosity and viscosity index, refinery classification and

chemical composition of crude. Processing of crude - sweetening, atmospheric and vacuum

distillation of crude, cracking and coking, refining, reforming, hydro - cracking and

isomerisation. Production of lubricating oils, lube additives. Motor gasoline, kerosene, aviation

turbine fuel and aviation gasoline. Petrochemicals: Primary processes for olefins, acetylenes,

higher homologues, aromatics and their derivatives, propylene, acetylene, methanol and its

derivatives. Sugar: Manufacture from sugar cane and sugar beet, refining of crude sugar, byproducts

of sugar industry. Starch: Raw materials, manufacture from corn, maize, tapioca.

Manufacture of Dextrin and Dextrose. Fermentation Products: Manufacture of alcohol,

alcoholic beverages and High Fructose Corn Syrup (HFCS).

Module II

Pesticides:- Classification of Insecticides, Fungicides, Weedicides, Herbicides and Rodenticides.

Manufacture of Malathion, Parathion, DDT, BHC, and Endosulfan. Dyes and intermediates:

Classification, unit processes and unit operations in the manufacture of dyes, pigments and

brighteners. Drugs and Pharmaceuticals: Classification, raw materials and manufacture of

important sulpha drugs, analgesic, antipyretic, antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs.

Formulations of Tablets, Capsules, Ointments, Liquids and Parenterals. Phytochemicals. Wood

and Wood chemicals: Saccharification of wood, destructive distillation of wood. Composite

wood: - plywood, laminated wood, fibre board and particle board.

Module III

Plastics: Classification, techniques of polymerization, manufacture and uses of phenol

formaldehyde, urea formaldehyde, polyethylene, poly vinyl resins, cellulose nitrate and cellulose

acetate. Processing of plastics. Man made fibres: Manufacture of viscose rayon fibre, cellulose

acetate fibres, nylons, polyesters, acrylics and modacrylic fibres, vinyl and vinylidines, glass

fibres. Rubber: Manufacture of natural and synthetic rubbers. Styrene butadiene rubbers (SBR),

acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NER), polymethanes, silicon rubbers, polybutadiene.

Compounding, vulcanising and reclaiming of rubber, processing of rubber.

Text Books :

1. Austin G.T. "Shrieves Chemical Process Industries" 3rd Edn.

2. Dryden C.E. "Outline of Chemical Technology" 2nd Edn.

3. Chemtech Vol. I – IV

4. Shukla S. I. and Pandey G.N., "A Text Book of Chemical Technology".

Note:

Question Paper consists of Part A and Part B. Part A is for 40 marks and comprises of 10

compulsory short answer questions, each carrying 4marks, covering the entire syllabus. Part B is

for 60 marks, comprises of two questions from each module. The candidate has to answer one

full question of 20 marks from each module.

96

08.703 CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING II (H)

Credits:4 L/T/P:3/1/0

Module 1

Non isothermal reactor design - Temperature and pressure effects - single reactions : Heat of

reaction from thermodynamic, heat of reaction and temperature, equilibrium constants from

thermodynamics, equilibrium conversion, adiabatic temperature and equilibrium, general

graphical design procedure, optimum temperature progression.

Heat effects: adiabatic operations and nonadiabatic operations, Nonisothermal continuous flow,

reactors at steady state, application to the CSTR, adiabatic tubular and batch reactor, steady state

tubular reactor with heat exchange. Product distributions and temperature for multiple reactions.

Unsteady state operation: General design equations, unsteady operations of plug flow reactors,

CSTR and batch reactors.

Module II

Heterogeneous Reactions

Catalysis and catalytic reactors: Catalysts, types of catalysts, catalyst properties, steps in a

catalytic reaction, adsorption equilibrium constant, desoption, surface reaction, rate limiting step,

contacting patterns for two phase systems.

Development of design equations for ideal mixed batch reactor, plug flow tubular reactor and

perfectly mixed continuous stirred tank reactor for heterogeneous systems. Heterogeneous data

analysis for reactor design, deducing the rate laws from the experimental data, catalyst

deactivation, deactivation mechanisms, weight loss.

Diffusion and reaction in porous catalysts- effective diffusivity, tortuosity-modelling of diffusion

with reaction on a spherical catalysts. Thiele Modulus, internal effectiveness factor, Overall

effectiveness factor. Estimation of diffusion and reaction limited regimes - Weisz - Prater

criterion for internal diffusion, Mears criterion for external diffusion.

Fluid Particle Reactions (Non catalytic)

Selection of a model: Unreacted core model for spherical particles of unchanging size, model

development for diffusion through gas film, ash layer, and chemical reaction controls.

Rate of reaction for shrinking spherical particles - chemical reaction controls, diffusion controlsapplication

to design.

Fluid-fluid reactions - Rate equations, Kinetic regimes for mass transfer and reactions, rate

equation for instantaneous and fast and slow reactions, two film theory, film conversion

parameters.

Module III

Non-ideal Flow

Residence time distribution for chemical reactors: General characteristics - RTD functions.

Measurement of the RTD - pulse input, step tracer input, integral relationships, mean residence

time, other moments of the RTD, Normalized RTD function E(theta), Interval age distribution.

RTD in ideal reactors: Batch and plug flow reactors, single CSTR RTD, Laminar flow reactor,

PFR/CSTR series RTD. Reactor modelling with RTD - use of RTD to determine conversion.

RTD models - segregation models, tanks in series model, the dispersion model. Conversion for

the tanks-in-series model, fitting the dispersion model for small extents of dispersion and large

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extents of dispersion. Models for small deviations from plug flow and long tails. Mixing of

fluids - self mixing of fluids - degree of segregation, early and late mixing of fluids.

TEXT BOOKS :

1. Levenspiel Octave, “Chemical Reaction Engineering, Third Edition”, John Wiley &

Son’s

2. H,Scott Fogler, “Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering”, Prentice Hall of India

3. James J Carberry, “Chemical &Catalytic Reaction Engineering”, Mc Graw Hill

Note:

The question paper consists of Part A and Part B. Part A is for 40 marks. Part A consists of 10

compulsory short answer questions each carrying 4 marks covering the entire syllabus.

Part B is for 60 marks. There will be two questions from each module. The candidate has to

answer one question of 20 marks from each module.

Note: No charts, tables, codes are permitted in the Examination hall if necessary relevant data is

given along with the question paper by the question paper setter.

98

08.704 EL 2 (A) BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING (H)

Credits:4 L/T/P:3/1/0

Module I

Micro Biology: Cell theory, Structure of cells: – Procaryotic and Eucaryotic cells, cell

fractionation, classification of microbes, protist kingdom. Important cell types (animal and plant

cell) and their distinguishing characteristics. Chemicals of life: Cell polymeric chemicals -

repetitive and non repetitive bio polymers - lipids, sugars and polysaccharides, nucleotides -

RNA and DNA, amino acids and proteins. Protein structure, hybrid bio-chemicals, hierarchy of

cellular organization. Kinetics of Enzyme catalyzed reactions: simple enzyme kinetics with one

or two substrates, Michaelis - Menten Kinetics, Evaluation of parameters in Michaelis - Menten

equation, kinetics of two substrate reactions.

Module II

Substrate concentration dependence of enzyme catalysed reactions: substrate activation and

inhibition, multiple substrates reacting on a single enzyme. Modulation and regulation of enzyme

activity - competitive and uncompetitive inhibition, other influences on enzyme activity. Enzyme

specificity and enzyme specificity hypotheses. Applied enzyme catalysis: enzymes of industrial

importance. Isolation of crude enzyme - Koji technique - Enzyme purification. Immobilized

enzyme technology: enzyme immobilization - industrial process using immobilized enzymes -

medical and analytical applications of immobilized enzymes. Applications of hydrolytic

enzymes: esterases, carbohydrases, proteolytic enzymes, enzyme mixtures, pectic enzymes and

additional applications. Medical application of enzymes, non hydrolytic enzymes in current and

developing industrial technology.

Module III

Metabolic pathways and energetics of the cell: Metabolic reaction coupling : ATP, ADP and

NAD. Oxidation and reduction- Coupling via NAD. Embden-Meyerhof pathway (EMP),

Pentose phosphate cycle - Entner Doudorff (ED) pathway, Respiration - TCA cycle, Kerb cycle,

Photo Synthesis. Transport across cell membranes - passive transport, active transport and

facilitated diffusion. Kinetics of substrate utilization - product formation and biomass

production, measuring and monitoring of growth process (Hemacytometer, colony count and

turbidity methods). Batch cultivation - growth cycle (lag, exponential, stationary and death

phase). Fermentation schemes - Gaden's classifiation (type I, II and type III) and Deindoerfer

classification. Transport phenomena in Bio process system-Gas-liquid mass transfer in cellular

system - basic mass transfer and concepts - rates of metabolic oxygen utilisation - determination

of oxygen transfer rates-mass transfer across free falling or raising bubble and free surface with

or without agitation in heat transfer. Microbial heat generation and correlation, bio-chemical

reactors, types of reactors for sterilization, fermentation and Bimass production.

Text Books :

1. James E. Baileay and David F. Ollis., “Bio-chemical Engineering Fundamentals”. Mc

Graw Hill International Editions.

2. D G Rao., “Introduction to Biochemical Engineering”, Tata Mc Graw Hill.

3. Michael L Shuler and Frikret Khargi., “Bioprocess Engineering Basic Concepts” Phi

Publications.

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4. Rajiv Dutta., “Fundamentals of Biochemical Engineering”. Anu books.

Note: Question Paper consists of Part A and Part B.Part A is for 40 marks and comprises of 10

compulsory short answer questions, each carrying 4marks, covering the entire syllabus.Part B is

for 60 marks, comprises of two questions from each module. The candidate has to answer one

full question of 20 marks from each module.

100

08. 704 EL I1 (B) POLYMER TECHNOLOGY (H)

Credits:4 L/T/P:3/1/0

MODULE 1

Properties of polymers : Classification & Properties of polymers - Polymerisation process,

Mechanism and kinetics of polymerisation reactions -chain growth (addition polymerisation),

Step growth (polycondensation) polymerisation synthesis and application of some common

industrial polymers –

Mechanism and Kinetics of polymerisation reactions - Determination of physical and chemical

properties of polymer theology and mechanical properties of polymers, intrinsic viscosity -

solubility paper maters. Polymer analysis of characterise sation - testing methods (physical,

chemical, electrical), characterisation. Behaviour of polymers - crystalline, thermal, dilute

solution, rheological, chemical degradation, stability of polymers - polymer waste disposal and

remedies.

Mechanism and kinetics of polymerisation reactions, step reaction polymerisation, radial chain

polymeristion - non radical chain polymerisation - C0-polymerisation - conditions of

polymerisation reactions and details of manufacture. Olefin polymerisation - Polymers derived

from dienes - vinyl and vinilidane polymers - Fluro carbon polymers - Hetero chain thermo

plastics - Cellulose polymers - Thermosetting resins.

MODULE 2

Polymer Technology - Plastic, fibres, elastomers, adhesives, polymer additives - plasticizers,

fillers and reinforcements etc. Plastic Technology - Moulding - plastification - injections and

compression moulding - Transfer moulding - calendering - Cast blowing - Coating - extrusion -

Forming - Thermofusion - Fillers - Plasticisers and other additives.

Polymer processing - Casting, thermoforming, forming lamination reinforcing, processing of

fibres, moulding process, calendaring` . Polymer bleeds, toughened plastic and phase

separated bleeds, mechanical properties and fabrication.

MODULE 3

Commodity of Plastic & fibres – Poly olefins – vinyl polymers – thermoplastic polymers – fibres

( natura) and synthetic fibres – cellulosic – non cellulosic – fibre spinning operations

Natural Polymers – Poly saacharides – proteins – nucleic acids – natural rubber – Inorganic

Polymers – silicons, poly phosphene – organo metallic co polymers – coordinate polymers –

Net work polymers- elastomers and thermosets – Diene elastomers – non diene elastomers –

thermo plastic elastomer – thermosets – epoxys – unsaturated polymers – formaldehyde resins –

Engineering and Speciality polymers – Engineering thermo plastics – poly amides – ABS – poly

carbonates – Engineering polyester – Fluro polymers

Speciality polymers – Polyimides – ionic polymers – poly acryl ether ketone – speciality poly

olefins –

Liquid crystalline polymers – conductive polymers – bio medical polymers – polymers for

combating environmental pollution

TEXT BOOKS :

1. Kumar and Gupta - Fundamentals of Polymer Science and Engineering, Tata Mc Graw

Hill.

101

2. P. Bahadur N.V.Sastri, “Principles of Polymer science,” Narosa Publication

REFERENCE BOOKS :

1. Billmeyar, - F.W, Text book of Polymer Science.

2. Schmidt - Marlier - Principle of High Polymer Theory and practical.

3. Rodriguax Terdianol - Principles of Polymer systems, Mc Graw Hill Kusha (1970)

4. Joel R. Fried ,“Polymer Science & Technology”, Prentice Hall India Ltd

5. R.Sinha, “Outlines of Polymer Science &Technology – Processing Polymers”, Prentice

Hall of India, New Delhi

Note:

The question paper shall contain two parts. Part A shall contain ten compulsory short questions,

evenly distributed over the whole syllabus and each carrying 4 marks. Part B shall contain three

separate modules with two questions from each module of the syllabus. The candidate has to

answer any one from each module. Questions in each module shall carry 20 marks each.

102

08.704 EL II (C) PROCESS MODELING AND SIMULATION (H)

Credits:4 L/T/P:3/1/0

Module 1

Introduction to modeling. Principles of system modeling, System modeling applied to process

engineering systems. Systematic approach to model building, Classification of models,

Conservation principles, thermodynamic principles and reaction kinetics principles of process

systems. Development of steady state lumped parameter models. Dynamic lumped parameter

models based on first principles.

Module 2

Analysis of ill-conditioned systems. Development of Grey-box models, Empirical model

building. Statistical model calibration and validation. Population balance models, Stochastic

models. Examples.

Module 3

Solution strategies for lumped parameter model. Stiff differential equations solutions. Solution

for distributed parameter models. Solving parabolic, elliptic and hyperbolic partial differential

equation models, Finite element and finite volume methods.

References:

K. M. Hangos and I. T. Cameron, Process Modelling and Model Analysis, Academic Press, 2001

W. L. Luyben, Process Modeling, Simulation and Control for Chemical Engineers, 2nd edition,

McGraw Hill Book Co. New York, 1990.

W. F. Ramirez, Computational Methods for Process Simulation, Butterworhs

Mark E. Davis, Numerical Methods and Modelling for Chemical Engineers, John Wiley and

Sons, 1984.

Singiresu S. Rao, Applied numerical Methods for Engineers and Scientists, Prentice Hall, NJ,

2001

Note:

The question paper shall contain two parts. Part A shall contain ten compulsory short questions,

evenly distributed over the whole syllabus and each carrying 4 marks. Part B shall contain three

separate modules with two questions from each module of the syllabus. The candidate has to

answer any one from each module. Questions in each module shall carry 20 marks each.

103

08.704 EL2(D) NEW SEPARATION PROCESSES(H)

Credits:4 L/T/P:3/1/0

Module I

Limitations of common separation techniques like sedimentation, screening, filtration,

evaporation, distillation, absorption, liquid-liquid and solid liquid extraction.

Thermal Separation: Thermal Diffusion: Basic Rate Law, Theory of Thermal Diffusion

Phenomena for gas and liquid mixtures, Equipments, design and Applications. Zone Melting:

Equilibrium diagrams, Controlling factors, Apparatus and Applications. Concepts and definitions

in adsorption: adsorbent types; their preparation and properties; different types of adsorption

isotherms and their importance; adsorption types; basic mathematical modeling with suitable

initial and boundary conditions for different cases such as thermal swing, pressure swing, and

moving bed adsorption.

Module II

Introduction to membrane processes. Types of membranes, Membrane processes and their

applications, Porous sand solid membranes, Osmosis, Micro – Filtration, Ultrafiltration,

Nanofiltration, Reverse Osmosis, Piezodialysis, Electrodialysis, Dialysis, Membranes for gas

separation, Pervaporation. Applications to these processes. Liquid membranes: Supported and

unsupported liquid membranes, Applications and mathematical modeling. Characterization of

porous membranes, Characterization of ionic membranes, Characterization of non – ionic

membranes. Polarization phenomena and fouling concentration polarization, Characteristic flux

behavior in pressure driven membrane operation, Various models, Temperature polarization,

Membrane fouling, Methods to reduce fouling. Modules and process design: plate and frame,

Spiral wound, Tubular, Capillary, Hollow fiber modules and their comparison, System design.

Module III

Foam Separation: Surface Adsorption, Nature of foams, Apparatus, Applications, and controlling

factors. Parametric pumping: thermal parametric pumping, batch, continuous pumping, multicomponent

separation, pH-parametric pumping, heatless parametric pumping. Ionic Separation:

Controlling factors, Applications, Equipments for Electrophoresis, Dielectrophoresis, Electro

Dialysis and Ion - Exchange, Commercial processes. Adductive Crystallization: Molecular

addition compounds, Clathrate compounds and Adducts, Equipments, Applications, Economics

and Commercial processes. Adsorptive chromatographic separations processes, hybrid separation

technologies-membrane chromatography and electrochromatography. Extractive separation,

aqueous two-phase extraction, supercritical extraction.

Textbooks:

1. H. M. Schoen, "New Chemical Engineering Separation Techniques", Inter Science

Publications, New York, 1972.

2. Wankat PC , Rate Controlled separations , Elsevier, 1990

3. Asenjo JM, Separation processes in Biotechnology, 1993, Marcel Dekker Inc

4. Basic Principles Of Membrane Technology, Marcel Mulder, Kluwer Academic

Publishers, 1997

References:

1. King J. – Separation Process – McGraw Hill

104

2. Kaup EC – Design Factors In reverse osmosis – Chemical Engineering 80 (1973).

3. Arden TV – Water Purification By ION Exchange – Butterworth, London, 1968

4. Sirkar K. & Winston H.O. "Membrane Hand Book" Van Nostrand Reinhold, New

5. D. M. Ruthven, "Principles of adsorption and adsorption processes", John Wiley & sons,

1984

6. Belter PA and Cussler E, Bioseparations, Wiley 1985

7. The McCabe WL and Smith JC-Unit Operation of Chemical Engineer Tata McGraw –

Hill

Note:

The question paper consists of Part A and Part B.

Part A is for 40 marks and comprises of 10 compulsory short answer questions each carrying 4

marks, covering the entire syllabus.

Part B is for 60 marks. Part B comprises of two questions from each module. The candidate has

to answer one full question of 20 marks from each module

105

08.704 EL (2)E FOOD TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING(H)

Credits:4 L/T/P:3/1/0

Module I

Food Process Engineering - Fundamentals: Fundamentals of food process engineering,

application of quantitative methods of material and energy balances in food engineering

practices. Unit Operations In Food Industries: Fluid flow, thermal process calculations,

refrigeration, evaporation and dehydration operations in food processing. Food Canning

Technology: Fundamentals of food canning technology. Heat sterilization of canned food,

containers - metal, glass and flexible packaging. Canning procedures for fruits, vegetables,

meats, poultry, marine products. Mechanical Operations In Food Processing: Conversion

operations, Size reduction and screening of solids, mixing and emulsification, filtration and

membrane separation, centrifugation, crystallization, extraction.

Module II

Rice: Harvesting, Threshing and Drying, Milling of Paddy, Parboiling, Ageing and Curing,

Utilization of By-Products of Rice Milling, Processed Rice Products, Storage of Paddy. Wheat:

Production and Marketing, Handling and Storage, Chemical Composition, Quality criteria,

Milling, Milled Products and their Utilization, Indian Standards for wheat and wheat products.

Pulses Milling: Traditional Milling of Pulses, Modern method and machinery for dhal milling,

Puffing of Pulses, Manufacture of Gum from Guar seeds. Fruits and Vegetables: Present status of

Industry, Raw materials, Preservation of fresh fruits and vegetables, manufacturing methods,

Fruit and vegetable processing machinery and equipment, regulation of manufacturing practices

and standards. Cashew nut: Cashew industry, Processing of Cashew nuts, By products. Spices:

Spice production and export, Production and Processing of individual spices, Spice products.

Starch: Introduction, Starch manufacture, Properties of Starch, Starch conversion products,

standards for starch and starch products. Bread and Biscuits: Importance of Baking industry in

India, Raw materials for bread manufacture, manufacture of bread, biscuits

Module III

Confectionery: Raw materials, manufacture of sugar confectionery, typical Confectionery

products, chocolate Confectionery, Indian Confectionery. Vegetable Protein Products: Vegetable

protein availability in India, vegetable raw materials and their processing, vegetable protein

products. Soft beverage industry: Synthetic soft drinks, Coffee, Processing of Coffee beans, Tea,

Tea processing, Cacao, Processing of cacao fruit, processing of cacao nibs. Alcoholic beverages:

Fermented beverages, distilled beverages, by products, ISI Specifications for alcoholic

beverages. Dairy Products: Milk management, fluid milk processing, manufacture of dairy

products, new process innovations. Meat: Production, Slaughtering and dressing, Cold storages,

meat and poultry products, byproducts. Fish and fish products: Marine fish production, fresh

fish, frozen fish, canned fish, cured fish, fish products and byproducts, fish processing

machinery. Infestation Control: Post harvest practices, techniques of infestation control in

tropical urban and rural storages, pesticide formulations, equipment and appliances.

Food preservation: Drying, freeze drying, precooling, freezing, storage of food products.

106

Text books:

1. R. T. Toledo, "Fundamentals of Food Process Engineering", AVI Publishing Co., 1980.

2. R. Angold,G.Beech and J.Taggart, " Food Biotechnology", Cambridge University Press, 1989.

3. Lidsay, willis Biotechnology, Challenges for the flavour and food industries, Elsevier Applied

Science

REFERENCES:

1. J. M. Jackson and B. M. Shinn, "Fundamentals of Food Canning Technology", AVI

Publishing Co.,

2. J. G. Bernnan, J. R. Butters, N. D. Cowell and A.E.V.Lilley, "Food Engineering Operations",

2nd Edn.,

Applied Science, 1976.

Note:

The question paper consists of Part A and Part B.

Part A is for 40 marks and comprises of 10 compulsory short answer questions each carrying 4

marks, covering the entire syllabus.

Part B is for 60 marks. Part B comprises of two questions from each module. The candidate has

to answer one full question of 20 marks from each module

107

08.704 EL 2(F) Production of particulate systems (H)

Credits: 4 L/T/P: 3/1/0

Module I

Characterization of solid particles- shapes and sizes- Sampling Techniques for solids: Tabling,

coning and quartering etc- isokinetic sampling for suspensions, Production of particulate system:

size reduction fundamentals, ultra grinding-granular flows-storage of solids-Pneumatic

transportation, flow in bins, silos etc

Module II

Introduction of agglomerisations- Pelletizing, briquetting, extrusions, granulation, tabletting etc-

Role of binders for agglomerisation- Product characteristics: Durability, Abration and Drop

resistance.

Agglomerization systems: The importance of mixing, Proportioning, Control- Post treatment of

agglomerisation- Metering of recycle, screening- Population Balance model applications to

agglomerisation systems-Applications.

Module III

Introduction to Atomization- Applications- Break up of drops- Disintegration of liquid jets and

sheets- Drop size distribution: mean diameter- Drop size dispersion

Different types of Atomizer- Pressure Atomizers, Rotary Atomizers, Air assist Atomizer,

Ultrasonic atomizers, Effervescence Atomizers etc

Reference Books:

1. Arthur. H. Lefebvre, Atomization and Sprays, Hemisphere Pub.co, 1989

2. Nasr. G.G, Industrial Sprays and Atomization: Design, Analysis and applications,

London, Springer, 2002

3. L.J. Enrique, Spray atomization and deposition, John Wiley, 1996

4. K. Kesava Rao, Introduction to Granular flow, Cambridge University Press, 2008

5. M.J Howe, Interfaces in materials: Atomic structures, Thermodynamics and Kinetics of

solid-Vapour, Solid-Liquid and Solid-Solid interfaces, New york, John Wiley, 1997.

Note:

The question paper consists of Part A and Part B

Part A is for 40 marks and comprises of ten compulsory short answer questions each carrying 4

marks, covering the entire syllabus.

Part B is for 60 marks. Part B comprises of two questions from each module. The candidate has

to answer one full question of 20 marks from each module

108

08.704 EL2(G) Process Plant safety & Hazard assessment(H)

Credits: 4 L/T/P: 3/1/0

MODULE 1

Introduction to safety- Goals of safety engineering- chemistry of fire - combustion- composition

of combustion-Classification of fires-Flame: flammability principles, Ignition, rate of burning-

Heat transfer from flames-Fire hazards - health- flammability - reactivity (stability). Air

contaminants generally found in fires- toxic effects of fire gases- Fire prevention - handling

(storing flammable and combustible liquids, elimination of ignition sources).

Fire detection-smoke detection, heat detectors, flame detectors. Fire suppression -

different type of fire extinguishers and their handling-Fixed automatic sprinklers- water deluge

and portable fire extinguishers

MODULE II

Origin of process hazards- laws, codes, standards-Chemical, mechanical, physical and

health hazard of industrial substance- Hazard zone classification-hazard due to static electricitysafety

in electrical systems- Chemical hazards, toxic chemicals- dust, gases, fumes, mists,

vapours and smoke- Safety in chemical reactions and storage and transport of chemicals.-

Material transportation rules- Hazard chem. Code- Safety in the case of processes or operations

involving explosives or flammable dust, gases, etc.- work permit system- First aid and treatment

to victims- Personnel protection system-House keeping- Inherent safety design principles

MODULE III

Importance of safety- identification of hazards- different adopted methods for the

identification of hazards- HAZOP, HAZAN, fault and even tree analysis- Fire protection in

plants and factories- fire walls, fire doors etc- Designing for safety, emergency planning and

disaster management.-Safety movement- safety organizations and movement: ILO, NSC, LPA

Safety management system: BS8800, SHAS, 18001 &18002

Text books:

1. Simonds: Safety management

2. Gupta R.S.: Handbook of Fire Technology

3. Dan Peterson: Techniques of safety management

Reference:

NFPA, Fire protection hand book

R S Gupta, Hand book of fire technology

F P Lease, Loss prevention in process plant

G L Wells, Safety in process plant design

Note:

The question paper consists of Part A and Part B

109

Part A is for 40 marks and comprises of ten compulsory short answer questions each carrying 4

marks, covering the entire syllabus.

Part B is for 60 marks. Part B comprises of two questions from each module. The candidate has

to answer one full question of 20 marks from each module

110

08.705 EL3(A) BIOPROCESS ENGINEERING (H)

Credits: 4 L/T/P: 3/1/0

MODULE – I

Overview of bioprocess engineering: Engineering perspective of fermentation processes – role

of bioprocess engineers- integrated bioprocessing-- comparison of bioprocess engineering with

biochemical engineering.

Kinetics of microbial growth and product formation: Microbial growth as an autocatalytic

reaction- specific growth rate- Malthus’ law-quantification of cell concentration-determination of

cell number density and biomass concentration- direct and indirect methods- Key determinants

of cell population kinetics- growth patterns and kinetics in batch cultures- batch growth curvekinetics

of exponential growth- implications of endogeneous and maintenance metabolism- death

phase kinetics- yield and maintenance coefficients- classification of microbial products - growth

associated, non-growth associated and mixed growth associated product formation- Leudeking

Piret equation- influence of various environmental conditions such as temperature, pH, DO

concentration, redox potential, DCO2 concentration, ionic strength and substrate concentration

on growth kinetics-heat evolution by microbial growth- classification of fermentation processes-

Gaden’s scheme and Deindoerfer’s scheme- Batch, fed-batch and continuous fermentationsideal

reactors for kinetics measurements- Ideal batch reactor, Ideal chemostat, fed-batch reactors,

ideal plug-flow tubular reactors- design equations based on biochemical reactions.

Thermal death kinetics of cells and spores: Survival curve- decimal reduction factor,

Extinction probability-sterilization of culture medium- batch and continuous sterilization- design

aspects- air sterilization- design of fibrous type filters.

Kinetic modelling of cell growth: Model structure and complexity- different perspectives for

kinetic representations using models- prediction of specific growth rate using unstructured

un-segregated models-Monod equation- Monod chemostat model- Models with growth inhibitors

(substrate inhibition, product inhibition and inhibition by toxic compounds)- logistic equationgrowth

models for filamentous organisms-structured kinetic models- compartment models,

metabolic models, cybernetic models.

Bioreactor engineering: Comparison of bioreactors with chemical reactors- Analysis of nonideal

behavior in bioreactors- reasons for non ideality-importance of RTD studies- stimulusresponse

experiment-circulation time distribution, exit age distribution, F-curve and C-curvemean

and variance of residence time-diagnosis of ills of flow reactors- models for non-ideal

reactors- zero, one and two parameter models (with emphasis on the tanks in series model and

dispersion model)- estimation of biochemical conversion using these models- application of

dispersion model to design of continuous sterilizers – design of novel bioreactors- packed bed

bioreactors, Bubble-column bioreactors, fluidized bed bioreactors, trickle bed bioreactors, airlift

loop bioreactors, photobioreactors,- Key issues in bioreactor design and operation -alternate

bioreactor configurations- bioreactor dynamics- stability analysis in bioreactors- nontrivial and

wash out steady states.

MODULE-II

Mass transfer in bioprocessing systems: Gas liquid mass transfer- volumetric oxygen transfer

coefficient- correlations (Cooper correlation, Oldshue correlation, Yamamoto correlation,

Yoshida correlation, Richards correlation) – oxygen transfer mechanism- assessment of KLa111

chemical method, dynamic differential gassing out method, dynamic integral gassing out

method, oxygen balance method, enzymatic method- merits and demerits of each method.

Scale up and scale down of bioprocess systems: Need for scale up and scale down- operating

boundaries for aerated and agitated fermenters- scale up criteria for microbial cell processesconstant

power input per unit volume, constant KLa, constant mixing quality, constant

momentum factor, constant impeller tip speed, constant mixing rate number- scale up example

with flow chart- scale down procedure.

Monitoring and control of bioprocesses:

Fermentation monitoring: Various physical, chemical and biological parameters measured or

controlled in bioreactors-Physical and chemical sensors for fermentation medium and gasesonline

sensors for cell properties-offline analytical methods- measurement of medium properties

and cell population composition- flow cytometry.

Analysis by Microfluidics: Basic principles of flow based analytical techniques, flow injection,

sequential injection, Bead injection and Sequential injection chromatography- methods and

applications.

Measurement analysis: Use of digital computers for data acquisition, interpretation and

analysis- software systems- data smoothing and interpolation –Fault analysis- state and

parameter estimation methods- use of observers or estimators.

Process control: Open loop and closed loop control-direct regulatory control, cascade control of

metabolism- programmed control- application of artificial intelligence in bioprocess controlknowledge

based expert systems, neural networks (A brief overview of the above is only

required).

Bioprocess modeling and simulation: Structure of bioprocess models- concept of balance

domain- model validation using MATLAB- objectives and benefits of bioprocess simulationsimulation

tools such as SIMULINK, Biopro Designer, Biotechnology Design Simulator and

Bioprocess Simulator.

MODULE-III

Medium engineering for cell cultivation and bioreaction: Technological concerns of medium

design engineering in bioprocessing-design procedure for growth and production mediumstoichiometric

design approach- bioorganic reaction medium engineering- Novel media.

Immobilized cell systems: Potential advantages of cell immobilization, methods of active and

passive immobilization-diffusional limitations in immobilized enzyme systems-bioreactor

considerations.

Bioprocess considerations in using plant and animal cell cultures: Methods for cultivation of

animal cells-requirements for culturing of animal cells-bioreactor design considerationsperfusion

systems-products of animal cell cultures- importance of plant cell cultures-comparison

of plant cell and microbes in culture-bioreactor considerations for suspension cultures,

immobilized systems and organ cultures- products of plant cell cultures

Bioprocess systems for genetically engineered organisms: Basic elements of genetic

engineering, genomics and bioinformatics- guidelines for choosing host-vector systemscomparison

of strategies-genetic instability in recombinant cell cultures- segregational loss,

plasmid structural instability, host cell mutations, growth rate dominated instabilityconsiderations

in plasmid design to avoid process problems- simple mathematical model for

prediction of genetic instability- regulatory constraints on genetic processes- outline of metabolic

engineering and protein engineering with simple case studies.

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Medical applications of bioprocess engineering: overview of tissue engineering-commercial

tissue culture processes-gene therapy using viral vectors-use of bioreactors as artificial hybrid

organs and for mass production of cells for transplantation.

REFERENCES

1. Pauline. M. Doran, Bioprocess engineering principles, Academic press.1995.

2. James. E.Bailey, David.F. Ollis Biochemical engineering fundamentals, Second

edition, McGraw Hill.1986.

3. Michael. L.Shuler, Fikret Kargi Bioprocess engineering- Basic concepts ,second

edition, Prentice Hall of India.2002.

4. Colin Ratledge and Bjorn Kristiansen Basic Biotechnology, Second edition,

Cambridge university press.2001.

5. Mukhopadhyay. S.N Process Biotechnology fundamentals.

6. Mukesh Doble and Sathyanarayana.N.Gummad, Biochemical Engineering,

Prentice Hall of India. 2007.

7. D.G.Rao, Introduction to Biochemical Engineering, Tata Mcgraw Hill. 2005.

8. Nielsen J and Villadsen J and Liden G, Bioreaction Engineering Principles, 2nd

Edition, Kluwer Academic. 2003.

9. Irving J. Dunn, Elmar Heinzle, John Ingham and Jiri E. Prenosil, Biological

Reaction Engineering: Dynamic Modelling Fundamentals with Simulation Examples,

2nd Edition, Wiley- VCH. 2003.

10. Jackson AT, Bioprocess Engineering in Biotechnology, Prentice Hall, Engelwood

Cliffs, 1991.

11. Aiba S, Humphrey AE and Millis NF, Biochemical Engineering, 2nd Edition,

University of Tokyo press, Tokyo, 1973.

12. Mansi EMTEL, Bryle CFA. Fermentation Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2nd

Edition, Taylor and Francis Ltd, UK, 2007.

Note:

The question paper consists of Part A and Part B. Part A is for 40 marks. Part A consists of 10

compulsory short answer questions each carrying 4 marks covering the entire syllabus.

Part B is for 60 marks. There will be two questions from each module. The candidate has to

answer one question of 20 marks from each module.

113

08.705 EL III(B) COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS (H)

Credits: 4 L/T/P: 3/1/0

Module 1

Introduction to Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). History of development of CFD.

Philosophy of CFD, CFD as a research and design tool. Experimental, analytical and

computational approaches to prediction of fluid flow and heat transfer processes. Review of

derivation of governing equations of transport processes. Classification of the differential

equation models. Navier–Stokes and Euler equations. Turbulent flow: Time–averaged equations

of turbulent flow, Turbulence–kinetic energy equations, k-ε model, Mixing length model, the

Physical meaning of these equations and forms suitable for CFD methods.

Module 2

Discretization methods – Taylor series, variational formulation, weighted residuals, Concepts of

finite control volume and infinitesimal fluid elements. Finite difference and finite element

methods. Properties of discretization schemes- conservativeness, boundedness, transportiveness,

Grid generation- structured, unstructured and adaptive grid generation.

Steady state one- dimensional conduction, grid spacing, interface conductivity, Nonlinearity,

source-term linearization, boundary conditions. Steady one-dimensional convection – diffusion,

Discretization equations in one, two and three dimensions. The upwind scheme, exponential

scheme, hybrid scheme, power law scheme. Higher order schemes.

Module 3

Un-steady state one-dimensional conduction. Crank Nicholson scheme, Fully implicit schemes,

Fully implicit discretization equation, CFD methods for solving unsteady flow equations,

Implementation of inlet, outlet and wall boundary conditions, Constant pressure boundary

condition, Two and three dimensional situations, Beam warming algorithm, MacCormack’s

scheme, upwind scheme. Discretization of transient convection-diffusion equation,

Overrelaxation and underrelaxation. Customizing commercial CFD solvers.

Construction of geometry and discretization using Gambit-Fluent’s manuals : Commercial CFD

Solver packages. Components of CFD packages.

References :

1. Anderson J. D., Computational Fluid Dynamics: The Basics with Application, McGraw

Hill Co. Inc

2. Anderson D. A., Tannechil J. C., and Pletcher R. H., Computational Fluid Mechanics and

Heat Transfer, Hemisphere Publishing Corp.,

1. ANIL W. DATE, Introduction to Computational Fluid Dynamics, Cambridge University

Press, 2005

2. Suhas V. Patangar, Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow, Hemisphere Publishing

Corp., 1980

114

3. C. T. Shaw, using Computational Fluid Dynamics, Prentice Hall, 1992.

4. Joel H. Ferziger, Milovan Peric, Computaional Methods for Fluid Dyamics, Springer

Verlag, 3rd edition, 2001.

5. T. J. Chung, Computational Fluid Dynamics, Cambridge University Press

Note:

The question paper shall contain two parts: Part A and Part B. In Part A, there shall be 10

questions each carrying 4 marks, evenly distributed over the whole syllabus. Part B shall contain

two questions each carrying 20 marks, from each module of the syllabus. The candidates should

answer all questions in Part A and any one question from each module in Part B.

115

08.705 EL III(C) PROCESS OPTIMIZATION (H)

Credits: 4 L/T/P: 3/1/0

Module 1

Scope and hierarchy of optimization, Examples of application of optimization in Chemical

Process Engineering. Features of optimization problems. General procedure for solving

optimization problems. Simple problems of optimization.

Classification of models for the purpose of optimization. Fitting models to empirical data.

Factorial experimental designs, method of least squares. Fitting models to data subject to

constraints. Formulation of objective functions, Investment costs and operating costs. Time value

of money. Measures of profitability, Optimizing profitability, Financial evaluation of projects.

Cost Estimation. Continuity of functions, unimodality and multimodality, convex and concave

functions, convex region, necessary and sufficient condition for extremum of an unconstrained

function, Interpolation of objective function in terms of quadratic approximation

Module 2

Optimization of unconstrained functions: Numerical methods for optimizing functions of one

variable: Scanning and bracketing, Newton’s method, quasi-Newton’s method, and secant

method. Region elimination methods, two –point equal interval search, dichotomous search,

golden section method, Fibonacci search, polynomial approximation methods, Quadratic and

Cubic interpolation, Application of line search to multidimensional problems.

Unconstrained multivariable optimization: Direct methods- Random Search, Grid Search,

univariate Search, Nelder Mead Simplex method, method of Conjugate Directions, Powells

Method, Indirect Methods: Gradient Method, Steepest Descent and Steepest Ascent, Method of

Fletcher and Reeves, Indirect Second order method, Newton’s method, method of forcing the

Hessian to be Positive definite, Marquardt’s method, Movements in search directions. Line

search, Trust regions, Termination Secant method, BFGS Method

Module 3

Linear Programming and its Applications: Basic Concepts of Linear Programming, Degenerate

LPs, Graphical Solution, Natural Occurrence of linear Constraints, Simplex method, Standard LP

form. Dual Simplex method, Big- M method, Revised Simplex Method, Sensitivity Analysis,

Duality in LP, Karmarker Algorithm, LP applications. Introduction to dynamic programming:

Advantages and Disadvantages of dynamic programming, applications of dynamic

programming, examples. Integer programming and mixed integer programming.

Application of Optimization in Chemical Engineering: Optimum design and operation of staged

distillation columns. Optimal design of shell and tube heat exchangers. Applications to fluid flow

systems.

116

Text Book:

T. F. Edgar and D. M. Himmelblau, “Optimization of Chemical Processes”, McGraw Hill,

Singapore, 1989.

Reference:

A. Ravindran, K. M. Ragsdell and G. V. Reklaitis, “Engineering Optimization: Methods and

Applications”, Wiley India Pvt Ltd. New Delhi, 2006.

Note:

The question paper shall contain two parts. Part A shall contain ten compulsory short questions,

evenly distributed over the whole syllabus and each carrying 4 marks. Part B shall contain three

separate modules with two questions from each module of the syllabus. The candidate has to

answer any one from each module. Questions in each module shall carry 20 marks each.

117

08.705 EL III (D) WATER AND WASTE WATER ENGINEERING (H)

Credits: 4 L/T/P: 3/1/0

Module I

Introduction to Water Supply and Wastewater- Water Quality Parameters and Standards-

Characteristics of water: physical, chemical and biological parameters, standard methods of

water analyses, biodegradable waste and agricultural runoff in streams, population forecasting,

prediction of water demand and wastewater generation, water and wastewater quality,

Module II

Water and wastewater treatment plants and systems: physical, chemical and biological systems,

primary, secondary and tertiary treatment- Design considerations for sedimentation, coagulation,

flocculation, filtration, adsorption, ammonia removal, aeration, anaerobic and aerobic digestion,

activated sludge and trickling filter, ion exchange, lagoons, disinfection, natural treatment

systems, sludge treatment and disposal

Module III

Industrial wastewater treatment – Overview Major industries (dairy, distillery, sugar, textile,

tannery, pulp & paper, metal finishing, petroleum refining, pharmaceutical and fertilizer;

thermal power), their water requirements, and the typical quantities and characteristics of

wastewaters generated. Environmental consequences of wastewater discharge and the regulatory

requirements for treatment and disposal treatment levels and available technologies. Theory and

design of waste stabilization ponds and oxidation ditches. Concept of sustainable waste water

treatment. Management, administration, legal and financial aspects of water and wastewater

treatment plants. Operational problems encountered in treatment plants: typical problems arising

in various units, trouble shooting. Operation and maintenance of plant operations. Training of

operating personnel.

Textbook

1. Metcalf & Eddy, “Wastewater Engineering – Treatment and Reuse”, Revised by

G.Tchobanoglous, F. L. Burton, and H. D. Stensel, 4th edition. Tata McGraw-Hill, 2003.

2. Casey, T.J., “Unit Processes in Water and Wastewater Engineering”. Wiley

Interscience, 1997. ISBN: 0471966932

3. W.W. Eckenfelder, “Industrial Water Pollution Control”, Mc-Graw Hill, 1999

Reference books

1. Weber, W.J. and DiGiano, F.A. “Process Dynamics in Environmental Systems”. Wiley

Interscience. ISBN: 0471017116

2. McCarty, P., and Rittmann, B., “Environmental Biotechnology: Principles and Applications”,

McGraw Hill, 2000. ISBN: 0072345535

118

08.705 EL3(E) PEROLEUM REFINERY ENGINEERING (H)

Credits: 4 L/T/P: 3/1/0

MODULE 1

Petroleum - Origin, nature, composition, classification, exploration, drilling, transportation and

storage. Petroleum processing - Nature of crude from India, Indonassia, Burma and Middle East

countries, classification of crude, evaluation of petroleum - Important properties and test

methods T.B.P. and ASTM distillation-Dewatering and desalting- Primary Oil refining -

Treatments of crude-Topping, vaccum distillation.

MODULE 2

Thermal cracking, visbreaking and coking, catalytic cracking, fluid bed and hydro cracking,

reforming, chemical reforming and catalytic reforming, polymorisation, alkylation,

hydrogination isomerisation, cyclization.

Treatment process : Sweatening, desalting, hydregon treatment, hydrodesulfurification process,

solvent extraction of kerosene, stabilization of gasoline.

Lube oild manufacture - solvent dewaxing, solvent extanction, propane deasphalting, and

treatment, clay treatment, hydro finishing, hydrotreatment, lube oil, additives and asphalt boiling.

MODULE 3

Petroleum products : LPG Motor spirit, aviation gasoline, kerosene, aviation turbine fuel, white

spirit, and solvents, diesel fuel, gas oil, fuel oil, petroleum coke, petroleum waxes, lubricating oil

and bitument.

Petrochemicals -Olefines, and acetylene, propylene, butadiene, isoprene, aromatics, benezene,

xylone etc. Methanol, formaldehyde, chloromethane, ethylone oxide, ethanol amine, acetone,

cumene, phenol, styrene, phthalic anhyride.

TEXT BOOKS :

1. Venkateswarlu (Ed),CHEMTECH IV -, CEED, Department of Chemical Engg., III

Madras.

2. B.K. Bhaskara Rao, Modern Petroleum Refining process -, Oxford IBH Publishing

Company, New Delhi.

3. W.L. Nelson, Petroleum Refinery Engg., Mc Graw Hill.

4. R.A.Meyer’s Hand Book of Petroleum Refining Process , Mc Graw Hill

REFERENCE BOOKS :

1. Charles E. Dryden,Out lines of Chemical Technology

2. Shreve Chemical Process Industries

3. S.D. Sukla & G.N. Pandy, A Text Book of Chemical Technology, Vol. II , Vani

educational books, Sahibabad 201010 (UP)

4. Encyclopaedia of Chemical Technology.

5. N. K.Sinha, Petroleum Refining & Petrochemicals

Note:

The question paper consists of Part A and Part B

Part A is for 40 marks and comprises of ten compulsory short answer questions each carrying 4

marks, covering the entire syllabus.

Part B is for 60 marks. Part B comprises of two questions from each module. The candidate has

to answer one full question of 20 marks from each module

119

08.705 EL III (F) RUBBER TECHNOLOGY (H)

Credits: 4 L/T/P: 3/1/0

MODULE I

A historical introduction on the application of latex and rubber for the manufacture of rubber

goods. Introduction and importance of rubber.

Natural rubber from latex, Concentration and stabilization of latex, Latex Compounding- latex

compounding acids, wetting, dispersing and emulsifying agents, stabilizers, thickening agents

and other miscellaneous materials.

Rubber additives and compounding- Vulcunizing agents, activators, accelerators, fillers, softners,

antioxidants, peptisers, retarders, stiffeners, flame retardants, colours and pigments, cackifying

agents, blowing agents, bonding agents etc. Compounding development and compounding of

rubbers. Processing equipments.

MODULE II

Natural Rubber: - Source, Chemical formula, molecular weight distribution, mineral and micro

gel-end groups. The protein effect-Elasticity of rubber chain- elasticity of a network- network

defects and crystallization- non-gaussian network-Money-type equation- thermodynamics of

rubber elasticity- structure property relationships in rubber- Non-rubber properties- Chemical

reactivity- solution properties- electrical, structure and processing properties- strength of rubbers.

Diene homopolymers:- Synthesis of monomers-isomerism in diene rubbers- Characterization of

micro-structure-polymerization of dienes structure and diene rubbers.

Diene-Based Copolymer Rubbers:- Methods of synthesis- structure, properties of SBR, NR,

reactivity of diene rubbers- chemical properties- cross linking.

Polychloroprenes:- Monomer preparation and properties- synthesis of polymers- oxidation and

aging. Technological comparison of polychloroprenes.

Thiokol, Hypalon, Silicone rubber, Polyurethane rubber, spandex, sponge rubber, foam rubber,

laminates, rubber cement.

MODULE III

Oxidation properties of rubber:- Oxidation of saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, sulphides

and olefin-sulfide systems, Oxidation of diene rubber network, use of antidegradants-Theory of

mastication and mechanochemistry.

Manufacture of latex products by impregnation and spreading process; casting impregnation;

dipping process (eg. Surgeon gloves, balloons, dipped fabric gloves etc); latex coatings; latex

cement and adhesives; latex thread and coir; latex foam.

Manufacture of rubber products:- Manufacture of rubber products like tubes, hoses and foot

wear, belts and cables. Reclamation of rubber.

Rubber industries in India: Development and scope of elastomer industry in India.

120

08.705 EL3 (G) TOTAL QUALITY MANGEMENT (H)

Credits: 4 L/T/P: 3/1/0

MODULE I

INTRODUCTION: Definition of Quality, Dimensions of Quality, Quality Planning, Quality

costs – Analysis Techniques for Quality Costs, Basic concepts of Total Quality Management,

Historical Review, Principles of TQM, Leadership – Concepts, Role of Senior Management,

Quality Council, Quality Statements, Strategic Planning, Deming Philosophy, Barriers to TQM

Implementation.

TQM PRINCIPLES: Customer satisfaction – Customer Perception of Quality, Customer

Complaints, Service Quality, Customer Retention, Employee Involvement – Motivation,

Empowerment, Teams, Recognition and Reward, Performance Appraisal, Benefits, Continuous

Process Improvement – Juran Trilogy, PDSA Cycle, 5S, Kaizen, Supplier Partnership –

Partnering, sourcing, Supplier Selection, Supplier Rating, Relationship Development,

Performance Measures – Basic Concepts, Strategy, Performance Measure.

MODULE II

STATISTICAL PROCESS CONTROL: The seven tools of quality, Statistical Fundamentals –

Measures of central Tendency and Dispersion, Population and Sample, Normal Curve, Control

Charts for variables and attributes, Process capability, Concept of six sigma, New seven

Management tools.

TQM TOOLS: Benchmarking – Reasons to Benchmark, Benchmarking Process, Quality

Function Deployment (QFD) – House of Quality, QFD Process, Benefits, Taguchi Quality Loss

Function, Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) – Concept, Improvement Needs, FMEA – Stages

of FMEA.

MODULE III

QUALITY SYSTEMS: Need for ISO 9000 and Other Quality Systems, ISO 9000:2000 Quality

System – Elements, Implementation of Quality System, Documentation, Quality Auditing, QS

9000, ISO 14000 – Concept, Requirements and Benefits.

Total Quality Environment Management and EMS 14000: Municipal pollution prevention

Programmes – Environment Management System-14000- Systematic, Structured and

Documented Response to Environmental Issues - Auditable and Time Targeted Environmental

Improvement Programs.

Hierarchy of Environment Management Practices: Waste-specific pollution prevention: Waste

pre - generation focus on minimization / recycling, Waste-specific pollution control treatment:

121

pre - generation focus on disposal/ recycling- Waste-specific Post-release-to environment focus:

recycling/ remediation

REFERENCES:

1. Dale H.Besterfiled, et at., Total Quality Management, Pearson Education Asia, 1999.

Indian reprint 2002.

2. James R.Evans & William M.Lidsay, The Management and Control of Quality, 5th

Edition, South- Western (Thomson Learning), 2002 (ISBN 0-324-06680-5).

3. Feigenbaum.A.V. Total Quality Management, McGraw-Hill, 1991.

4. Oakland.J.S. Total Quality Management, Butterworth Heinemann Ltd., Oxford. 1989.

5. Narayana V. and Sreenivasan, N.S. Quality Management – Concepts and Tasks, New

Age International 1996.

6. Zeiri, Total Quality Management for Engineers Wood Head Publishers, 1991.

7. Bishop P, Pollution Prevention: Fundamentals and Practice, McGraw-Hill,Singapore,

2000

8. Roy K, (Editor), Chemical Technology for better Environment, Allied publishers Ltd,

Chennai 1998

9. El Halwagy, M. M, Pollution Prevention through Process Integration : Systematic

Design Tools, Academic Press, N.Y. (1997)

10. Anastas P.T. and Warner J.C., Green Chemistry: Theory and Practice., Oxford

University Press. N.Y.1998

The question paper consists of Part A and Part B. Part A is for 40 marks. Part A consists of 10

compulsory short answer questions each carrying 4 marks covering the entire syllabus.

Part B is for 60 marks. There will be two questions from each module. The candidate has to

answer one question of 20 marks from each module.

Note: No charts, tables, codes are permitted in the Examination hall if necessary relevant data is

given along with the question paper by the question paper setter.

122

08.706 MINI PROJECT, SEMINAR AND INDUSTRIAL TRAINING

Credits: 2 L/T/P: 0/0/2

Students should do a mini project and submit a report. They also have to present a seminar and

submit a report. A report of the industrial visits done during V to VII semesters should be

submitted.

Credits : Mini Project: 70 marks

Seminar: 60 marks

Industrial visit: 20 marks

123

08. 707 SOFTWARE LAB (H)

Credits: 3 L/T/P: 0/0/3

C++ Programming exercises

Develop programmes to implement the following numerical methods

Solution of

1. Nonlinear and transcendental equations

2. Linear Algebraic Equations, Set of equations

3. Methods for interpolation and extrapolation

4. Numerical Differentiation and Integration

5. Solution of Ordinary Linear Differential Equations

6. BVP Ordinary and Partial Differential Equations

7. Fitting Models to data

Learning and Use of Matlab

Exercises in Matlab application to Solution of Engineering problems, Systems Simulation,

Optimization and Control.

Software Packages

Steady State Simulation and Optimization of Flash Drums, Reactor Models, Distillation

Column models. Chemical Process Plant Simulation and Design Using State –of –the art

software packages like ASPEN PLUS, HYSIS, CHEMCAD, DESIGN II etc.

Simulation studies of dynamics and control of reactors including bio reactors, Distillation

Columns, Pressure driven Processes and Reactive Distillation Columns.

124

08.708 REACTION ENGINEERING AND PROCESS CONTROL

LABORATORY (H)

Credits: 3 L/T/P: 0/0/3

Determination of kinetics of chemicals reactions - Batch reactor - Tubular flow reactors - Stirred

tank reactors - cascade of ideal reactors. Residence time distribution (RTD) - Stirred tank -

Tubular reactor - Cascade of ideal reactors - Fixed bed and fluidized bed reactors.

Dynamics of first order and second order systems - Liquid level systems - Optimum controller

settings for laboratory scale temperature control system, pressure control system, and level

control system, Tuning of controllers for distillation control system.

125

08.801 TRANSPORT PHENOMENA (H)

Credits: 5 L/T/P: 3/2/0

MODULE I

Viscosity and the mechanisms of momentum transfer: Newton’s law of viscosity, molecular

momentum transport, generalization of Newton’s law of viscosity, pressure and temperature

dependence of viscosity of gases and liquids, prediction of viscosity of gases: Rigid sphere

model and rigorous models, prediction of transport coefficients of liquids. Numerical problems

Shell momentum balances and velocity distributions in laminar flow: shell momentum balances

and boundary conditions, flow of a falling film along a flat surface and on the surface of

cylinders, flow of a Newtonian fluid in between two slits formed by two flat plates, flow through

a circular tube, flow through annulus, and flow of two adjacent immiscible fluids. Flow of a

Bingham fluid through a cylinder- Buckingham- Reiner Equation.

General transport equation for momentum, derivation of continuity equation, Analysis of

equation of motion in rectangular coordinates (derivation not desired), Navier Stoke’s equation

and Euler equation with significance of each terms, transport equation in curvilinear coordinates

(derivation not desired), application of transport equations to solve steady flow problems:- flow

through a tube, tangential annular flow, rotating liquid, cone and plate viscometer.

Velocity distributions in turbulent flow: comparisons of laminar and turbulent flows, timesmoothed

equations of change for incompressible fluids, and the time- smoothed velocity profile

near a wall.

MODULE II

Energy Transport: Thermal conductivity and the mechanism of energy transport- prediction of

thermal conductivity of gases, effect of temperature and pressure on thermal conductivity of

gases, relationship between thermal conductivity and viscosity of gases. Thermal conductivity of

solids, relationship between thermal and electrical conductivity of solids, Numerical problems.

Shell energy balance:- Boundary conditions, application of shell balances to heat conduction

problems with electric, nuclear and viscous heat sources, fixed bed flow reactor, cooling fins

with insulated tip condition, heat transfer by free and forced convection.

Equations of energy in rectangular coordinates, energy equations in curvilinear coordinates

(derivation not desired), application to steady state heat transfer problems:- tangential flow in

annulus with viscous heat generation, free convection from vertical plate, flow of non-isothermal

film and transpiration cooling.

MODULE III

Diffusivity and the Mechanism of Mass Transport: Definition of concentrations, velocities

and mass fluxes, Fick’s law of diffusion, kinetic theory of diffusion in gases at low density,

126

theory of ordinary diffusion in liquids. Prediction of diffusivity of gases and liquids. Numerical

problems.

Shell mass balances: Boundary conditions, diffusion through a stagnant gas film, diffusion with

homogeneous and heterogeneous chemical reaction, diffusion into a falling liquid film (gas

absorption), diffusion and chemical reaction inside a porous catalyst: the effectiveness factor.

Analogies between heat, mass and momentum transfer.

Derivation of equation of continuity for binary mixtures in rectangular coordinates, general study

of equation of continuity in curvilinear coordinates (derivation not desired). Application to

combined heat and mass transfer, thermal and pressure diffusion.

REFERENCES:

1. Bird R.B., Stewart W.C and Lightfoot F.N, Transport phenomena, John Wiley &

Sons.

2. Theodore L, Transport Phenomena for Engineers by, International text book Company,

U.S.A

3. Geankoplis, Transport processes and unit operations, 3rd, , PHI, 1997.

4. Welty, Wicks and Wilson, Fundamental of Heat, Momentum And Mass Transfer, John

Wiley.

5. John C Slattery, Momentum, Energy and Mass transfer in continua, McGraw Hill, Co.

6. Robert S. Brodkey and Harry C Hersing, Transport Phenomena a Unified approach

McGraw Hill Book Co.

7. Bennet C U and Myers J E, Momentum, Heat and Mass Transfer, Tata McGraw Hill

Publishing Co.

The question paper consists of Part A and Part B. Part A is for 40 marks. Part A consists of 10

compulsory short answer questions each carrying 4 marks covering the entire syllabus.

Part B is for 60 marks. There will be two questions from each module. The candidate has to

answer one question of 20 marks from each module.

Note: No charts, tables, codes other than mentioned above are permitted in the Examination

hall if necessary relevant data is given along with the question paper by the question paper

setter.

Note: The students are permitted to use the copy of the tables of general equations of continuity, motion and

energy in rectangular and curvilinear coordinates inside the examination hall for the University examination.

127

08.802 CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DESIGN II (H)

(Open Book Examination)

Credits: 4 L/T/P: 2/2/0

Design Of Heat Transfer Equipments: Design and Drawing of Heat Transfer Equipments such

as Double pipe heat exchangers, shell and tube heat exchangers, condensers- tubular horizontal

and tubular vertical, evaporators- single effect and multiple effect, crystallizers.

Design Of Mass Transfer Equipments: Design and Drawing of mass transfer equipments such

as distillation columns, absorption columns, dryers.

Text books:

1. Standards : IS 403 (1967), 803 (1963) & 2825 & TEMA

2. Perry and Chilton, "Chemical Engineers' Handbook", McGrawhill, 8th Edition.

3. B.C.Bhattacharya, "Introduction to Chemical Equipment Design"

4. M.V.Joshi, "Process Equipment Design", McMillan India Ltd.

5. Vilbrandt and Dryden, "Chemical Engineering Plant Design "

6. Peters and Timmerhaus, "Plant Design and Economics for Chemical Engineers"

References:

1. Brownell and Young, "Process Equipment Design"

2. Harvey, "Process Vessel Design"

3. E.E. Ludwig, "Applied Process Design in Chemical and Petrochemical Plants"

Note: The question paper shall contain two questions and the student must answer any one

128

08.803 ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION: CONTROL, DESIGN

AND MODELING (H)

Credits: 4 L/T/P: 3/1/0

MODULE 1

Introduction - Abiotic origin - Origin of the Universe- The radiation era- The matter era -The life

era - Nucleo synthesis - Solid earth - Formation of the Earth - Zonal structure of the earth

Differentiation of Elements - Hydrosphere - Atmosphere - Biosphere -Units of measurement

liquids and gases - Law of con servation of mass and energy- Chemical equilibria - Nuclear

Chemistry .

Impact of man on the environment : an overview, the biosphere. The hydroligic cycle and

measurement of precipitation , the nutrient cycle, Mathematics for Growth - Consequence of

population growth. - Energy problem. Importance of environment for mankind. Pollution of

air, water and soil. Dangers of pollution and its solution.

Legislation : Legislative aspects including water (Prevention and control of pollution) Act 1974,

Air (prevention and control of pollution) Act 1981, Environmental protection Act 1986 and

effluent standards.

Air pollution : Sources and effects - Nature of air pollution classification, properties and sources

of pollutants. Acid rain - Greenhouse effect- Ozone depletion - Effects of man, animal,

vegetation and material dangers.

Atmospheric stability, lapse rates, inversions, plume behaviour and theory of pollutant disqersion

Air quality criteria and standards, methods of pollutant sampling and measurement

MODULE 2

Control methods for particulate emulsions and pollutants - Design aspects of Cyclone separator,

Electrostatic precipitator- Bag house filter - Scrubbers - Different types - Indoor Air Pollution

Conrol.

Water pollution : Sources and classification of water pollutants and thier effects. Sampling and

analysis. Waste water treatment : Design aspects of Preliminary, primary, secondary and

tertiary treatment of waste water. Recovery of materials from process effluents. -Anaerobic and

aerobic Sludge treatment and disposal- Cake filtration and composting - Methods of

physio-chemical and biological treatment of industrial effluents from fertilizer, petrochemical,

pulp and paper, caustic soda, tanning and sugar industries. Alternate routes of manufacture and

sequencing of operations as a means of pollution control. Alternate use for by product as means

of pollution control.- Advanced treatment methods reverse osmosis and carbon adsorption.

MODULE 3

Solid waste management : Sources, classification and microbiology of solid waste. Solid waste

characteristics- Health aspects, methods of collection and disposal, Solid waste processing and

recovery - composting. Sanitary land filling, thermal processes, regeneration and recycling. City

waste and industrial wastes management-

Nuclear waste : Sources and nature of nuclear waste, treatment, storage technology for liquid,

solid and gaseous (ration active) wastes.

Noise control : Noise control programme, noise control criteria, administrative and engineering

controls, acoustical absorptive materials.

129

Environmental Management - ISO standards - Ecomark - Green production - Kyoto protocol-

Montreal Protocol - Euronorms etc

Environmetnal Impact assessment - Environmental agencies - standards and legal aspects in

Environmental Management

TEXT BOOKS :

1. Venkateswaralu, "CHEMTECH-1", CEED, IIT Madras.

2. C.S. Rao, "Environmental Pollution Control Engineering", Wiley Eastern Ltd.

3. A, D, Bhide and B. B Sundaresan, "Solid Waste Managment in Developing countries",

INSDOC, New Delhi - 67.

4. Arcadio P. Sincero and Gregoria A.Sincero, "Environmental Engineering - A design approach

", Eastern Economy Edition- PHI.

REFERENCES:

1. Metcalf and Eddy, " Waste Water Engineering", TMH

2. R. M. Berthe, Van Nostrand Reinhold, "Air Pollution Control Technology", 1978.

3. M. N. Rao and H.V.N. Rao, "Air pollution", Tata McGraw Hill.

4. W. Straus, "Industrial Gas Cleaning", Pergammon Press Ltd.

5. Cunniff P.F, "Environmental Noise Pollution", John Wiley.

6. Mantell C.L., "Solid Wastes: Origin, Collection, Processing, Disposal ", John Wiley.

7. Mahajan S.P, "Pollution Control in Process Industries, TMH.

8. R. K. Trivedi, "Pollution Management in Industries", Environmental Publications, P.B.

60, Karad, 415110.

9. S.C.Bhatia, "Environmental Pollution and Control in Chemical Process Industries",

Khanna Publishers.

10. Santhosh Kumar Garg, " Environmental Engineering", (Vol I and II) Khanna Publishers,

New Delhi, 2004.

11. P. Venugopal Rao, "Text book of Environmental Engineering", PHI, New Delhi 2002.

12. J. P. Sharma, " Comprehensive Environmental Studies", Laxmi Publications, New Delhi

2004.

Note:

The question paper consists of Part A and Part B. Part A is for 40 marks and comprises of

10 compulsory short answer questions each carrying 4 marks, covering the entire

syllabus.

Part B is for 60 marks. Part B comprises of two questions from each module. The

candidate has to answer one full question of 20 marks from each module.

130

08.804 PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION (H)

Credits: 4 L/T/P: 3/1/0

MODULE 1

Basic principles of measurements - Classification methods of measurements - Direct and indirect

measurements, various elements in a measuring instrument - Sensing element, transducing

element manipulating element and functioning element etc- Principles of working with a suitable

example, static and dynamic characteristics of measuring instrument, accuracy, reproducibility,

sensitivity, static error, dead zone, dynamic error, fidelity lag, speed of response etc.

Sensing elements - various types of sensing elements, sensors for temperature, pressure and fluid

flow, transducers, different types of transducers, their principles and working, transmission

methods, indicating and recording means.

Temperature measurements, temperature scales, basic principles and working of thermometers,

mercury in glass thermometers, resistance thermometers, thermocouples, optical pyrometers,

radiant pyrometers, ranges of different types of temperature measuring instruments, sources of

errors and precautions to be taken in temperature measurements.

MODULE 2

Pressure measurement - Principles of working of manometers, various types of manometers -

Macleoad gauge, Kundsen gauge, Bourden gauge, bellows, diaphram, electrical pressure

transducers peizo electric manometers, thermal conductivity guages- ionization guage high

pressure measuring instrument, liquid level measurements - Sensitive measurements,

conductivity meters, measurements of PH.

MODULE 3

Flow measurements - Liquid and gas flow measurements, ways of measuring liquids and gas

flow, direct volume measurements, quantity meters, gas meters, magnetic flow meters, heat input

flow meters, elbow flow meters, impact meters, variable area meters, rotameters, cylinder and

piston type - Liquid flow velocity, turbine meters, open channel flow measurements, wires

notches, head meters, pitot tube, orifice meters ventury meters, theory and working flow

measurements, electrical transducers, turbine type flow meters strain gauge flow meters mass

flow meter, measuring flow of dry materials. Thermal analysis - Differential thermal analysis,

thermo gravimetric, conductimetric analysis Chromatography and application, developments of

P&I, diagram for flow systems, level, PH control temp control, Heat exchangers, Distillation

column, reaction system etc.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. D.P. Eckman, Industrial instrumentation, Wiley Eastern

2. FRIBANCE, Industrial instrumentation fundamentals, T.M.H. Edition

3. R.K. Jain, Mechanical and industrial measurements, Khanna Pub

REFERENCE :

1. Patranabis, Principles of industrial instrumentation , T.M.H

2. Beckwith and Buck, Measurement systems

Note:

The question paper consists of Part A and Part B

Part A is for 40 marks and comprises of ten compulsory short answer questions each carrying 4

marks, covering the entire syllabus.

Part B is for 60 marks. Part B comprises of two questions from each module. The candidate has

to answer one full question of 20 marks from each module

131

08.805 EL IV(A) DRUGS AND PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY (H)

Credits: 4 L/T/P: 2/2/0

Module I

Introduction: Development of Drug and Pharmaceutical Industry – Therapeutic agents, their use

and economics; Regulatory aspects.

Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics: Drug metabolism: physico-chemical principles,

radio activity pharma kinetic action of drugs on human bodies.

Module II

Important Unit Processes and their Applications: Bulk drug manufacturers, Type of reactions

in bulk drug manufacture and processes. Special requirement for bulk drug manufacture.

Module III

Manufacturing Principles: Compressed table, wet granulation-dry granulation or sluggingdirect

compression-tablet presses, coating of tablets, capsules, sustained action dosage formsparental

solution oral liquids-injections-ointment-topical applications, Preservation, analytical

methods and test for various drug and pharmaceuticals, packing-packing techniques, quality

management, GMP.

Pharmaceutical Product and their Control: Therapeutic categories such as vitamins, laxatives,

analgesics, non-steroidal contraceptives, Antibiotics, biologicals, hormones.

Reference

1. Leon Lachman tet al Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy, 3 Edition, Lea and

Febiger, 1986

2. Remington’s Pharmaceutical Science, Mark Publishing and Co.

Note

The question paper consists of Part A and Part B. Part A is for 40 marks and comprises of 10

compulsory short answer questions each carrying 4 marks, covering the entire syllabus.Part B is

for 60 marks. Part B comprises of two questions from each module. The candidate has to answer

one full question of 20 marks from each module.

132

08.805 EL IV (B) ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT (H)

Credits: 4 L/T/P: 2/2/0

MODULE I

Entrepreneur: Meaning of Entrepreneur; Evolution of the Concept; Functions of an Entrepreneur,

Types of entrepreneur, Intrapreneur – an emerging class, Concept of Entrepreneurship-Evolution

of Entrepreneurship; Development of Entrepreneurship; The entrepreneurial Culture; Stages in

entrepreneurial process. Concepts of Entrepreneur, Manager, Intrapreneur/Corporate.

Entrepreneur–comparative study-Roles, Responsibilities, Career opportunities. Entrepreneurship

as a career, Entrepreneurship as a style of management, The

changing role of the entrepreneur: mid career dilemmas–Closing the window:

Creativity and Innovation: Creativity, Exercises on Creativity, Source of New Idea, Ideas into

Opportunities. Creative problem solving: Heuristics, Brainstorming, Synectics, Value Analysis

Innovation and Entrepreneurship: Profits and Innovation, Globalization, Modules of Innovation,

Sources and Transfer of Innovation, Why Innovate, What Innovation, How to Innovate, Who

Innovates.

Business Planning Process: Meaning of business plan, Business plan process, Advantages of

business planning, Marketing plan, Production/operations plan, Organizational plan, financial

plan, Final project report with Feasibility study, preparing a model project report for starting a

new venture.

MODULE II

Institutions supporting entrepreneurs Small industry Financing developing countries, A brief

overview of financial institutions in India, Central level and state level institutions, SIDBI,

NABARD, IDBI, SIDO, Indian Institute of Entrepreneurship, DIC, Single window, Latest

Industrial policy of Government of India

Family Business: Importance of family business, Types, History, Responsibilities and rights of

shareholders of a family business, Succession in family business, Pitfalls of the family business,

strategies for improving the capability of family business, Improving family business

performance.

MODULE III

International Entrepreneurship Opportunities: The nature of international entrepreneurship,

Importance of International business to the firm, International versus domestic entrepreneurship,

Stages of economic development, Entrepreneurship entry into international business, exporting,

Direct foreign investment, barriers to international trade.

133

Informal risk capital and venture capital: Informal risk capital market, venture capital, nature and

overview, venture capital process, locating venture capitalists, approaching venture capitalists.

Managing growth: Using external parties to help grow a business, franchising, advantages and

limitations, investing in a franchise, joint ventures- types, Acquisitions and mergers

REFERENCES:

1. David H. Holt, Entrepreneurship-new venture creation, Prentice Hall of India

2. Poornima Charantimath, Entrepreneurship Development-Small Business Enterprise,

Pearson Education, 2007

3. Robert D Hisrich, Michael P Peters, Dean A Shepherd, Entrepreneurship, 6th Edition,

The McGraw-Hill Companies, 2007.

4. Mathew J. Manimala, Entrepreneurship theory at crossroads, Biztantra, 2007

5. Vasant Desai, Entrepreneurial Development and Management, Himalaya Publishing House,

2007

6. Madhurima Lall, Shikha Sahai, Entrepreneurship, Excel Books, 2006

7. Kurakto, Entrepreneurship-Principles and practices, 7th Edition, 2007, Thomson

publication

8. Satish Taneja and S.L.Gupta, Entrepreneurship Development New Venture Creation

9. Marc J. Dollinger , Entrepreneurship: Strategies and Resources

10. Brigitte Berger , The Culture of Entrepreneurship.

11. Peter F. Drucker, Innovation and Entrepreneurship

12. Dale Meyer G., Kurt A. Heppard , Entrepreneurship As Strategy

13. Sahay A. and.Chhikara M.S, New Vistas of Entrepreneurship: Challenges & Opportunities

The question paper consists of Part A and Part B. Part A is for 40 marks and comprises of 10

compulsory short answer questions each carrying 4 marks, covering the entire syllabus.

Part B is for 60 marks. Part B comprises of two questions from each module. The candidate has

to answer one full question of 20 marks from each module.

134

08.805 EL 4 (C) SURFACE COATINGS (H)

Credits: 4 L/T/P: 2/2/0

Module 1

An overview of surface coatings: Different types of surface coatings and their uses - General

properties of different surface coatings. Pre-treatment of surfaces - Types of surface

contamination –Surface cleaning Advantages and disadvantages of solvent cleaning and alkaline

water-based cleaning - Precautions necessary in operating a solvent degreaser - Methods of pretreatment

for most common metals - Safe pre-treatments for high-strength steels, aluminium

alloys, stainless steels and similar high-alloy steels. History and development of paint industry,

function and classification. Raw material for industry, drying oils, natural and synthetic resins,

pigments and extenders. Auxiliaries like driers, plasticizers, softeners, dispersing and flatting

agents varnishes and lacquers, formulation and manufacturing of paints, machinery used in paint

manufactures, methods of application, applications of industrial and architectural finishes.

Common defect in paints and varnishes.

Module II

Electrochemical processes:- Processes of dissociation and ionisation - Influence of changes in

electrolyte temperature, metal concentration and agitation on reactions taking place in the

cathode film - Process of the crystal build-up on the cathode surface to produce deposits and its

effect on stress and ductility - Faraday’s Laws in relation to anode and cathode efficiency -

Effect of variations in cathode efficiency on metal distribution - Influence of deposition potential

on the ability to electroplate into recesses and hollows - Effect of pretreatment on adhesion and

porosity – Porosity of coatings - Pitting in coatings - Coating hardness and its effect on wear

resistance – Electrodeposition – Anodizing – Phosphating – Chromating- Oxidation – CVD -

Environmental impact of coatings and the requirements of legislation. Non-electrolytic coating

processes: Hot Dipping Processes - Zinc galvanising - Hot dip tinning - Hot dip aluminium -

Cladding of metals with metals, with plastics - Vitreous enamelling - Vacuum metallisation by:

Evaporation, Sputtering, Ion plating - Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD)

Module III

Organic coating:- Properties and uses of primers, primer-surfacers, primer-fillers, undercoats,

topcoats coating - Diffusion Coating Processes - thermal spraying of materials (Hot and Cold),

lacquers and varnishes - Convertible and non-convertible polymer systems - properties and uses

of solvent-containing paints, emulsions, water-based paints , powder coatings - Conversion

coatings - Chemistry of the phosphating of steel - Conversion coatings for aluminium and its

alloys - Paint spraying coatings - types of spray painting techniques - Dipping and flow coating

– electrocoating - Common tests for paint films - Common film defects and Remedies.

References:

1. R. Lambourne and T. A. Strivens, “Paint and Surface Coatings”, Theory and Practice,

1999, Woodhead Publishing

2. J.M. West ., “Electrodeposition and Corrosion processes”, Van Nostrand Reinhold

Publisher, 1970.

3. Wolf Riedel., “Electroless coatings” ASM International, Ohio1991

135

4. Sunderland E. Nylen Paul, 1965, “Modern Surface Coatings A textbook of the chemistry

and technology of paints, varnishes, and Lacquers”, John Wiley & Sons

5. F.Fancutt and J C Hudson., “Protective painting of structural steel”. Chapman and Hall

Ltd

6. J Boxall and J A Von Fraunhofer., “Paint formulation” Principle and practice,

Note:Question Paper consists of Part A and Part B.Part A is for 40 marks and comprises of 10

compulsory short answer questions, each carrying 4marks, covering the entire syllabus. Part B

is for 60 marks, comprises of two questions from each module. The candidate has to answer one

full question of 20 marks from each module.

136

08. 805 EL 4(D) ENGINEERING OF CATALYSTS AND CATALYTIC

PROCESSES (H)

Credits: 4 L/T/P: 2/2/0

Module I

Basic concepts in heterogenous catalyst preparation and characterization, poisoning and

regenerated. Industrially important catalysts and processes such as oxidation, processing of

petroleum and hydocarbons, synthesis gas and related processes, commercial reactors (adiabetic,

fluidized bed, trickle-bed, slurry, etc.).Heat and mass transfer and its role in heterogeneous

catalysis. Calculations of effective diffusivity and thermal conductivity of porous catalysts.

Module II

Reactor modeling. Emphasizes the chemistry and engineering aspects of catalytic processes

along with problems arising in industry. Catalyst deactivation kinetics and modelling.Principle of

catalytic reaction engineering; mechanism of contact catalysis; kinetics of chemical reaction in

homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis; selecting catalytic agents. Fluid catalytic cracking;

Module III

Design and developing industrial catalysts: preparation of catalysts; characterization of catalysts;

analytical instruments, monitors and controllers that are used to prepare and characterize

catalysts and to conduct detailed kinetic studies. Practical examples of industrial catalysts:

Zeolite catalyst applications: Transformation and Synthesis of Zeolite using by experimental

apparatus for characterization, reactivity test; Heavy oil cracking, Development of Clay

Adsorbent for KeroMerox Refining Process, Dimethylamine synthesis using mordenite catalyst.

Text books:

1. J. J. Carberry, "Chemical and Catalytic Reaction Engineering", Dover, 2001.

2. J. Weitkamp, and L. Puppe (Eds.), "Catalysis and Zeolites: Fundamentals and

Applications", Springer Verlag, 1999.

3. S. S. E. H. Elnashaie, and S. S. Elshishini, Dynamic Modelling, Bifurcation and

Chaotic Behaviour of Gas-Solid Catalytic reactors, Taylor and Francis, 1996.

4. Lee, H. H., “Heterogeneous Catalytic Reactors,” Butterworth

5. Tarhan, M. O., “Catalytic Reactor Design,” McGraw-Hill, NY, 1983

6. Anderson, J. R. and Boudart, M., “Catalysis, Science and Technology,” Vol. 7,

Springer Verlag,NY.

7. Thomas, J. M. and Thomas, W. J., “Introduction to the Principles of Heterogeneous

Catalysis,” Academic Press, 1967.

Note:

The question paper consists of Part A and Part B.

Part A is for 40 marks and comprises of 10 compulsory short answer questions each carrying 4

marks, covering the entire syllabus.

Part B is for 60 marks. Part B comprises of two questions from each module. The candidate has

to answer one full question of 20 marks from each module

137

08. 805 EL 4(E) MATERIAL SCIENCE (H)

Credits: 4 L/T/P: 2/2/0

Module I

Atomic Structure - atomic bonding, atomic arrangements, coordination number. Crystal systems:

crystal structure, noncrystalline structure and crystal defects. Metallic phases and their

properties: Single phase metals and alloys, binary equilibria involving solid solutions,- eutectic

and peritectic systems. Iron - carbon diagram, plastic deformations, recrystallization, cold and

hot working of metals, control microstructure, heat treatments, failure of metals. Elementary

study of various metals and alloys: cast iron, carbon steel, alloy steel and copper alloys.

Module II

Material testing for mechanical characteristics: tensile, compression, impact, hardness, bend,

torsion and creep testing. Organic Polymers: properties, classification, comparison of properties

and their relationships with chain structure. Ceramics: Comparison of ceramic and non-ceramic

phases, structure, properties and application of ceramics. Composite materials: Classification,

reinforcement, fillers and additives, processing and application, characteristics of composite

material, theory of composites.

Module III

Stability of materials in service environments: a) Corrosion - types, mechanism and factors

influencing corrosion, corrosion prevention, inhibiters and their application. b) Oxidation -

aging of rubber, oxidation of metals and radiation damages. Selection of suitable material for

construction in chemical industry lining and surface treatment.

Text Books:

1. Lawrence H. Van Vlack., "Elements of Material Science", Addison Wesley.

2. B.C. Bhattacharrya., "Selection of material and fabrication for chemical process

equipments", CEED, IIT Madras.

3. V.Raghavan., “Material Science & Engineering’, A first course, PHI Publications.

4. O.P.Khanna., “A Text book of Material Science & Metallurgy”, Dhanpat Rai

publications.

5. A.K.Gupta & R.C.Gupta., “Material Science” S. Chand & Company Ltd.

Note:

Question Paper consists of Part A and Part B. Part A is for 40 marks and comprises of 10

compulsory short answer questions, each carrying 4marks, covering the entire syllabus. Part B

is for 60 marks, comprises of two questions from each module. The candidate has to answer one

full question of 20 marks from each module.

138

08.805 EL 4 (F) PROCESS UTILITIES AND PIPELINE DESIGN (H)

Credits: 4 L/T/P: 2/2/0

Module I

Importance of process utilities in chemical industries and plants. Introduction to the use of

various utilities. Water as a utility in process industries, treatment and cooling. Storage and

distribution of water, recycle and conservation of water, cooling tower, spray pond.

Compressors and vacuum pumps – performance characteristics of compressors and vacuum

pumps, Boosters, Air receivers, Piping network, Air leaks, Lubrication. Oil and moisture

removal. Refrigeration systems and their characteristics. Production of cryogenic temperatures.

Characteristics of Air-water systems. Humidification and Dehumidification equipment. Exhaust.

Ventilation.

Module II

Steam generation in chemical process plants. Properties of steam. Boilers and power generation

equipments. Steam engines and turbines. Steam handling and distribution. Steam economy.

Electric power distribution in process plants.

Classification of pipes and tubes, IS & BS codes for pipes used in chemical process industries

and utilities. Pipe line insulation. Pipes for Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, sudden

expansion and contraction effects, Pipe surface roughness effects, pipe bends, Shearing

characteristics. Pipe connections and fittings, Rail fittings, welded and flanged fittings, pipe

system layout, tube fastening and attachment, non ferrous tube fittings, ducts and elbows.

Pressure drop for flow Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids through pipes. Resistance to flow

and pressure drop. Effect of Reynolds and apparent Reynolds number.

Module III

Pipes of circular and non-circular cross section – velocity distribution, average velocity and

volumetric rate of flow. Flow through curved pipes (Variable cross sections). Effect of pipefittings

on pressure losses. Non-Newtonian fluid flow through process pipes, Shear stress, Shear

rates behavior, apparent viscosity and its shear dependence, Power law index, Yield Stress in

fluids, Time dependant behavior, Thixotropic and rheopetic behavior, mechanical analogues,

velocity pressure relationships for fluids, line. Power losses in compressible fluid flow,

Multiphase flow, gas-liquid, solid-fluid, flows in vertical and horizontal pipelines, Lockhart

Martinelli relations, Flow pattern regimes. Pipe line design: Pipe and tube design data, design of

drainage piping, design of steam piping, design of oil piping, design of cast iron pipe. Pipe

expansion, pipe line flexibility, expansive forces in pipe lines, pipe anchors and supports.

Text books:

1. Bhasin, S.D.: “Project Engineering of Process Plants”, Chemical Engineering Education

Development Centre, I.I.T., Madras,1979.

2. Davidson, P.J. & West, T.F: ”Services for the Chemical Industry”, Pergamon Press,

Oxford,1968.

3. “Process Utilities”, Chemical Engineering Development Centre, I.I.T., Madras,1986

139

References:

1. Cremer, H.W & Watkins, S.B , “Chemical Engineering Practice”, Vol.10,Butterworths,

London, 1960

2. Rase, H.F & Barrow, M.H, “Project Engineering of Process Plants”, John Wiley,New

York, 1957

3. Milter, L.M: “Students Text Book of Heating”, Ventilating & Air Conditioning,

Technitrade Journals, London, 1976.

4. Mcquiston, F.C & Parker, J: “Heating, Ventilating & Air conditioning – Analysis and

Design”,John Wiley, New York , 3rd Edition, 1988.

5. Coulson JM and Richardson J.F. – Chemical Engineering – Vol I , VI Edition,

Butterworth Heinemann, British Library, Publications, Oxford, 1999.

6. Govier, G.W. and Aziz K. – The flow of Complex Mixtures In Pipe – Krieger

Publication, Florida, 1982.

Note:

The question paper consists of Part A and Part B.

Part A is for 40 marks and comprises of 10 compulsory short answer questions each carrying 4

marks, covering the entire syllabus.

Part B is for 60 marks. Part B comprises of two questions from each module. The candidate has

to answer one full question of 20 marks from each module

140

08.805 EL IV (G) ADVANCED PROCESS CONTROL (H)

Credits: 4 L/T/P: 2/2/0

Module 1

Review of dynamics of Single Input Single output (SISO) systems: first, second and higher

order systems, closed loop and open loop responses. Controller tuning and Ziegler Nichols

tuning, Cohen and Coon’s Tuning. Process identification: Step testing, Pulse testing. Direct sine

wave testing, ATV identification, Control valves: Valve characteristics, design of control valves.

Analysis of Control of complex systems: steam jacketed kettle- Gas absorbers- Heat conduction

into solids- Heat exchangers. Material balance and product quality control of Hydrodealkylation

Plant.

Module 2

Analysis and design of Dead-time compensator (Smith Predictor Controller), Cascade control

systems, Selective control, Split-Range Control, Feedforward controller, Combination

controllers, Ratio control, Computed variable control, Override control, Dynamic Matrix

Control, Internal Model Controller, Adaptive control: Self Tuning Regulator, Model Reference

Adaptive Control.

State space models, Advantages and disadvantages of State Space representation. State Space

model Building examples. Representation of Multivariable systems, Transfer function matrix,

State variable representation, Analysis of multivariable systems: stability, resiliency, interaction,

Robustness. Controller design for multivariable systems.

Module 3

Concept of State Variable Feedback: General properties, Steady state error analysis,

Controllability, Observability, State estimators, All pole plant, Complex poles plant, Pole-Zero

Plant. Inaccessible states.

Sampled Data Control Systems: Inherently sampled systems in chemical Engineering, Sampling

mechanisms, The sampling theorem, reconstruction, Aliasing, Sampling of input out models. Ztransforms,

Z-transform theorems, Inversion of Z-transforms, Pulse Transfer Functions, Poles

and Zeros, Open loop and closed loop responses, Stability analysis, Design of digital controllers.

References:

1. COUGHANOWR D. R., Process Systems Analysis and Control, 2nd Edition, McGraw

Hill Inc., 1991

2. LUYBEN W. L., Process modeling, Simulation and Control for Chemical Engineers,

Second Edition, McGraw Hill Book Co. 1990

3. ASTROM K. J. and WITTENMARK B., Computer Controlled Systems, Prentice Hall of

India, 1990.

4. D’AZZO J. J. and HOUPIS C. H., Linear Control System Analysis and Design

Conventional and Modern., McGraw Hill Book Co. 1988

5. ISERMANN R., Digital Control Systems, Second Revised Edition, Narosa Publishers,

New Delhi, 1993

141

6. G. STEPHANOPOULOSE, Chemical Process Control, An Introduction to Theory and

Practice, Prentice Hall of India, 1993

Notes:

The question paper shall contain two parts: Part A and Part B. In Part A, there shall be 10

questions each carrying 4 marks, evenly distributed over the whole syllabus. Part B shall contain

two questions each carrying 20 marks, from each module of the syllabus. The candidates should

answer all questions in Part A and any one question from each module in Part B.

142

08.805 EL IV (H) ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT FOR PROCESS

ENGINEERS (H)

Credits: 4 L/T/P: 2/2/0

MODULE: 1

Introduction to Engineering economy,- Engineering Decision - makers, Problem solving

Decision making. Interest and Interest Factors - Interest rate, simple interest & Compound

interest factors.

Equivalence and cost comparisons : Time value of money and equivalence, Equations that are

used in economic analysed, Compound interest as an operator, Unacost, Hoskolds formula, Cost

comparisons, Present Worth Comparison, Conditions for present worth comparisons, Basic

Present worth comparisons, Present worth equivalence, Net Present worth, Assets with unequal

lives, infinite lives, Future worth comparison, Unacost and capitalised cost.

Depreciations and taxes: Purpose of Depreciation as cost, Nature of depreciations - Methods for

determining depreciation - Straight line method - sinking fund method - Declining balance

method - Double declining balance method - Sum of digits methods - Units of production

method.

Taxes and depreciation method - Comparison of depreciation methods - Cost comparison after

taxes, Present worth after taxes three continuous interest and discounting, Logic for continuous

interest, Continuous interest as an operator, Uniform flow, Flow changing at an exponential rate,

flow declining in a straight line to Zero - Discounting with improving performance, Unaflow -

Capital recovery factor, Capitalised cost-taxes.

MODULE 2

Technical advancement and inflation : Displacement Vs replacement, One year more of

existence, More than one year of existence, Uniform gradient series delay value of an existent

inflation, Cost comparison under inflation, unaburden, high inflation rates, Inflation and

technological advancements.

Capital requirements and cost of production for process plants - Equipment for process plants,

cost index, Nelson refinery construction index - Material cost indices - Process equipment cost

index - Material cost indices - Process equipment cost index - Labour cost index - equipment

costs - Williams six-tenths factor.

Cost Estimation: Capital investments, Factors affecting investment & production costs, Fixed

capital investment and working capital, Estimation of capital investment, direct cost and indirect

costs, Types of capital cost estimates, Order of magnitude estimates, study estimates, preliminary

estimate definitive estimate and detailed estimate,

143

Cost factors in capital investment, Cost and installation of purchased equipment, Estimating

equipment costs by scaling 6/10 Factor Rule,. insulation costs, Instrumentation and controls,

Piping, Electric installation, Building, Yard improvements, Service facilities, Land design

engineering and supervision, construction expenses contractors fee, Contingencies, Start up

expenses, Methods for estimating capital investment. Estimation of total product cost, Different

costs involved in the total product for a typical Chemical Process plant. Estimation of total

product cost, Manufacturing costs, general expenses - Direct production costs, Fixed costs, plant

over head cost, administration expenses - Distribution and marketing expenses.

MODULE 3

Financial statements: Balance sheet and profit and loss accounts - Ratios used for comparing the

balance sheet and profit and loss account.

Break even and minimum cost analysis, Types of costs, Cost analysis, Economic production

charts, Differential analysis of economic production charts, criteria in the use of break-even and

minimum cost analysis.

Profitability: Investment evaluation, Profitability standards, mathematical methods for

profitability evaluation: pay out time, pay out time with interest, rate of return on original

investment, return on average investment, discounted cash flow, Net Present worth, Venture

worth.

REFERENCES :

1. Peters and Timmerhaus, "Plant Design and Economics for Chemical Engineers"

McGraw Hill , New York , 4th Edition (2003)

2. Davies, G.S. Process Engineering Economics" CEED IIT Madras.

3. Kenneth King Humphrey, Jelen's Cost and Optimization Engineering, McGraw Hill,

Third Edition, 1991

4. Robert S. Aries and Robert D.Newton, "Chemical Engineering Cost Estimation "

Chemonomics, New York, 1951

5. John Happel and Donald G. Jordan, "Chemical Process Economics", Marcel Decker

(1975)

6. Vibrandt, F C, Chemical engineering plant design, McGraw Hill

7. Holand , E.A., Watson, F.A. and Wilkinson, J.K., “ Introduction to Process

Economics”, John Wiley & Sons.

8. Paneerselvam R, Engineering Economics, PHI, Eastern Economy Edition

9. Tuesen.G. Engineering economy, PHI, 2002

10. Ulrich , G D,“A Guide to Chemical Engineering Process Design and Economics”, John

Wiley (1984)

11. Guthrie K M, “ Process Plant Estimation, Evaluation and Control”, Craftsman Solano

Beach, California (1974)

12. Douglas, “ Conceptual Design of Chemical Processes”, McGraw Hill (1998)

13. Valle Riestra , “Project Evaluation in Chemical Process Industries”, McGraw Hill

14. Schweyer, "Process Engineering Economics", McGraw Hill, 1955

144

The question paper consists of Part A and Part B. Part A is for 40 marks. Part A consists of 10

compulsory short answer questions each carrying 4 marks covering the entire syllabus.

Part B is for 60 marks. There will be two questions from each module. The candidate has to

answer one question of 20 marks from each module.

Note: No charts, tables, codes are permitted in the Examination hall if necessary relevant data is

given along with the question paper by the question paper setter.

145

08.806 EL V(A) BIOINFORMATICS (H)

Credits: 4 L/T/P: 2/2/0

Module I

Biology for Bioinformatics :- Basic concepts - cells- Archaebacteria, Biomembranes, Nucleus,

Organelles, Mitochondria, Chloroplasts, Viruses, Bacteriophage, Genetic contents of a cell -

Viral Proteins - Amino acid, DNA and RNA - Forms of DNA.

Genetic Code :- Genome - Gene Expressions - Protein Synthesis - Transcription RNA -

Processing- Capping- Splicing - Editing, Cell Signalling, DNA cloning Genomic library - cDNA

library - Probes - Screening.

Bioinformatics basics: Computers in biology and medicine; Importance of Unix and Linux

systems and its basic commands; Database concepts; Protein and nucleic acid databases;

Structural databases; Biological XML DTD’s; Pattern matching algorithm basics; Computational

tools for DNA sequence analysis: GCG: The Wisconsin package of sequence analysis programs;

Web-based interfaces for the GCG sequence analysis programs.

Module II

Databases and search tools: Biological back ground for sequence analysis; Identification of

protein sequence from DNA sequence; Searching of databases similar sequence; The NCBI;

Publicly available tools; Resources at EBI; Resources on the web; Database mining tools.

DNA sequence analysis: The gene bank sequence database; Submitting DNA sequence to the

databases and database searching; Sequence alignment; Pair wise alignment techniques; Multiple

sequence analysis; Multiple sequence alignment; Flexible sequence similarity searching with the

FAST3 program package; Use of CLUSTAL W and CLUSTAL X for the multiple sequence

alignment; Submitting DNA protein sequence to databases: Where and how to submit, SEQUIN,

genome centres; Submitting aligned set of sequences, updates and internet resources.

Module III

Protein Modeling: Introduction; Force field methods; Energy, Buried and exposed residues;

Side chains and neighbours; Fixed regions; Hydrogen bonds; Mapping properties onto surfaces;

Fitting monomers; rms fit of conformers; Assigning secondary structures; Sequence alignmentmethods,

evaluation, scoring; Protein completion: backbone construction and side chain addition;

Small peptide methodology; Software accessibility; Building peptides; Protein displays;

Substructure manipulations, Annealing.

Peptidomimetics: Introduction, classification; Conformationally restricted peptides, design,

pseudopeptides, peptidomimetics and transition state analogs; Biologically active template;

Amino acid replacements; Peptidomimetics and rational drug design; CADD techniques in

peptidomimetics; Development of non peptide peptidomimetics.

146

Protein Structure Prediction: Protein folding and model generation; Secondary structure

prediction; Analyzing secondary structures; Protein loop searching; Loop generating methods;

Loop analysis; Homology modeling: potential applications, description, methodology,

homologous sequence identification; Align structures, align model sequence; Construction of

variable and conserved regions; Threading techniques; Topology fingerprint approach for

prediction; Evaluation of alternate models; Structure prediction on a mystery sequence; Structure

aided sequence techniques of structure prediction; Structural profiles, alignment algorithms,

mutation tables, prediction, validation, sequence based methods of structure prediction,

prediction using inverse folding, fold prediction; Significance analysis, scoring techniques,

sequence-sequence scoring. The virtual library: Searching MEDLINE, Pubmed, current content,

science citation index and current awareness services, electronic journals, grants, and funding

information.

REFERENCES:

1. David W. Mount, Bioinformatics: Sequence and Genome Analysis 2nd Edition, CSHL

Press, 2004.

2. Baxevanis A. and Ouellette F. B. F., Bioinformatics: a practical guide to the

analysis of genes and proteins, 2nd Edition, John Wiley, 2001.

3. Jonathan Pevsner, Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, 1st Edition, Wiley- Liss,

2003.

4. Bourne P. E. and Weissig H., Structural Bioinformatics, 2nd Edition, Wiley, 2008.

5. Branden C. and Tooze J., Introduction to Protein Structure, 2nd Revised Edition

Garland Publishing, 1998.

Note

The question paper consists of Part A and Part B. Part A is for 40 marks and comprises of 10

compulsory short answer questions each carrying 4 marks, covering the entire syllabus.

Part B is for 60 marks. Part B comprises of two questions from each module. The candidate has

to answer one full question of 20 marks from each module.

147

08. 806 EL 5 (B) CORROSION ENGINEERING (H)

Credits: 4 L/T/P: 2/2/0

Module I

Basic concepts: Definition and importance; Electrochemical nature and forms of corrosion;

Corrosion rate and its determination. Electrochemical thermodynamics and kinetics: Electrode

potentials; Potential-pH (Pourbiax) diagrams; Reference electrodes and experimental

measurements; Faraday’s laws; Electrochemical polarization; Mixed potential theory;

Experimental polarization curves; Instrumentation and experimental procedure. Galvanic and

concentration cell corrosion: Basic concepts; Experimental measurements, and determination of

rates of galvanic corrosion; Concentration cells. Corrosion measurement through polarization

techniques: Tafel extrapolation plots; Polarization resistance method; Instrumental methods and

Errors in measurement of polarization resistance;

Module II

Commercial corrosion probes; Other methods of determining polarization curves.

Passivity: Basic concepts of passivity; Properties of passive films; Experimental measurement;

Applications of Potentiostatic Anodic Polarization; Anodic protection. Pitting and crevice

corrosion: Basic concepts; Mechanisms of pitting and crevice corrosion; Secondary forms of

crevice corrosion; Localized pitting. Metallurgical features and corrosion: Inter-granular

corrosion; Weldment corrosion; De-alloying and dezincification.

Module III

Environmental induced cracking: Stress corrosion cracking; Corrosion fatigue cracking;

Hydrogen induced cracking; Some case studies; Methods of prevention and testing; Erosion,

fretting and Wear. Environmental factors and corrosion: Corrosion in water and Aaqueous

Solutions; Corrosion in sulphur bearing solutions; Microbiologically induced corrosion;

Corrosion in soil; Corrosion of concrete; Corrosion in acidic and alkaline process streams.

Atmospheric and elevated temperature corrosion: Atmospheric corrosion and its prevention;

Oxidation at elevated temperatures; Alloying; Oxidising environments. Prevention and control of

corrosion: Cathodic protection; Coatings and inhibitors; Material selection and design

Text Books:

1. Fontana, M.G., “Corrosion Engineering”, McGraw-Hill.

2. Jones, D.A., “Principal and Protection of Corrosion”, Prentice-Hall

3. S.N.Banerjee, “An Introduction to Corrosion Science and Corrosion Inhibition”,

Oxonian Press P.Ltd.,New Delhi, 1985.

4. Zaki Ahmad, “Principles of Corrosion Engineering & Corrosion Control”, Butterworth

Heinemann, 2006

References:

1. L. L. Shrier “Corrosion”, Butterworth Heinemann, Vol. I & II, 1994

2. H.H.Uhlig and R.W.Revie, “Corrosion and Corrosion Control”, A Wiley – Inter

Science. Publication JohnWiley & Sons, New York, 3rd Edition, 1985

148

3. C.G. Munger, Vincent, L.D, “Corrosion prevention by protective

coatings,” NACE Press, Texas, Houston, USA, 2nd Edition 2002

Note:

The question paper consists of Part A and Part B.

Part A is for 40 marks and comprises of 10 compulsory short answer questions each carrying 4

marks, covering the entire syllabus.

Part B is for 60 marks. Part B comprises of two questions from each module. The candidate has

to answer one full question of 20 marks from each module

149

08.806 ELV(C) SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT AND ENGINEERING(H)

Credits: 4 L/T/P: 2/2/0

Module I

Introduction- Solid wastes- definition, types, sources, characteristics, and impact on

environmental health. Waste generation rates. Waste Management Practices: Municipal,

Hazardous, and Industrial Concepts of waste reduction, recycling and reuse. Collection,

segregation and transport of solid wastes Handling and segregation of wastes at source.

Collection and storage of municipal solid wastes; analysis of Collection systems. Transfer

stations - labelling and handling of hazardous wastes. Public participation and the role of NGOs.

Module II

Solid waste processing technologies. Mechanical and thermal volume reduction. Biological

and chemical techniques for energy and other resource recovery: composting. vermicomposting,

fermentation. Incineration of solid wastes. Pyrolysis. Disposal in landfills: site selection,

design, and operation of sanitary landfills; secure landfills and landfill bioreactors; leachate and

landfill gas management; landfill closure and post-closure environmental monitoring; landfill

remediation.

Module III

Hazardous wastes: definition, sources and characteristics: handling, collection, storage and

transport. Hazardous waste treatment technologies. Physical, chemical and thermal treatment of

hazardous waste: solidification, chemical fixation and encapsulation, incineration. Hazardous

waste landfills: site selection, design and operation. Biomedical, plastic and e-waste: waste

categorization, generation, collection, transport, treatment and disposal. Legislation on solid

waste handling- Elements of integrated waste management: Waste Minimization Technologies,

Environmental and Health Impact of Solid Waste Management Activities Legislations on

management and handling of municipal solid wastes, biomedical wastes, and other hazardous

wastes.

Textbook

• F. Kreith, G. Tchobanoglous, “Handbook of Solid Waste Management”,2nd edition.

• M. D. LaGrega, P. L Buckingham, J. C. Evans, ‘‘Hazardous Waste Management”,

McGraw-Hill, 2000.

• Reference Reading

Dr Nicholas P. Cheremisinoff, “Handbook of Solid Waste Management and Waste

Minimization Technologies”, Butterworth-Heinemann 2002-12-27

Note: Question Paper consists of Part A and Part B. Part A is for 40 marks and comprises of 10

compulsory short answer questions, each carrying 4marks, covering the entire syllabus .Part B

is for 60 marks, comprises of two questions from each module. The candidate has to answer one

full question of 20 marks from each module.

150

08.806 EL 5 (D) COMPOSITE TECHNOLOGY (H)

Credits: 4 L/T/P: 2/2/0

Module I

Introduction to composites: General Introduction and Concept of Composite materials, Basic

definitions, need and types. Classification- based on Matrix Material: Organic matrix composites

Polymer matrix composites (PMC), Carbon matrix Composites or Carbon-Carbon Composites,

Metal matrix composites (MMC), Ceramic matrix composites (CMC); Classification based on

reinforcements: Fiber Reinforced Composites, Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Composites,

Laminar Composites and Particulate composites. Comparison of composites with metals,

applications of various types of composites, advantageous and limitations of composites.

Module II

Polymer matrix composites: Polymer matrix resins – Thermosetting resins, thermoplastic resins,

Reinforcement fibres – Rovings Woven fabrics, Non woven random mats, various types of

fibres. PMC processes - Hand lay up processes, Spray up processes, Compression moulding,

reinforced reaction injection moulding, Resin transfer moulding. Pultrusion – Filament winding

– Injection moulding. Fibre reinforced plastics (FRP), Glass fibre reinforced plastics (GRP).

Metal matrix composites:- Characteristics of MMC, Various types of Metal matrix composites.

Alloy vs MMC, Advantages of MMC, Limitations of MMC, Metal Matrix, Reinforcements –

particles – fibres. Effect of reinforcement - Volume fraction – Rule of mixtures. Processing of

MMC – Powder metallurgy process - diffusion bonding – stir casting – squeeze casting.

ModuleIII

Ceramic matrix composites:- Engineering ceramic materials – properties, advantages,

limitations, Monolithic ceramics. Need for CMC Ceramic matrix - Various types of Ceramic

Matrix composites- oxide ceramics, non oxide ceramics, aluminium oxide, silicon nitride,

reinforcements – particles, fibres, whiskers. Sintering - Hot pressing, Cold isostatic pressing

(CIPing), Hot isostatic pressing (HIPing). Advances in composites: - Carbon /carbon composites,

advantages of carbon matrix, limitations of carbon matrix. Carbon fibre, chemical vapour

deposition of carbon on carbon fibre perform. Solgel technique. Composites for aerospace

applications.

Text Books:

1. Mathews F.L. and Rawlings R.D., “Composite materials: Engineering and Science”,

Chapman and Hall, London, England, 1st edition, 1994.

2. Chawla K.K., “Composite materials”, Springer – Verlag, 1987.

3. T.W. Clyne and P.J. Withers, “Introduction to Metal Matrix Composites”, Cambridge

University Press, 1993.

4. A.B. Strong, “Fundamentals of Composite Manufacturing”, SME, 1989.

5. S.C. Sharma, “Composite materials”, Narosa Publications, 2000.

6. “Short Term Course on Advances in Composite Materials”, Composite Technology Centre,

Department of Metallurgy, IIT- Madras, December 2001.

Note: Question Paper consists of Part A and Part B. Part A is for 40 marks and comprises of 10

compulsory short answer questions, each carrying 4marks, covering the entire syllabus .Part B

is for 60 marks, comprises of two questions from each module. The candidate has to answer one

full question of 20 marks from each module.

151

08.806 EL5 (E) PROJECT ENGINEERING (H)

Credits: 4 L/T/P: 2/2/0

MODULE 1

Introduction-Development of project-Research and development: Bench scale of experiments -

pilot plant studies- Semi commercial plant Process design and Engineering : Process flow chart

material and energy balance process design and building designs-equipment specifications-

Selection of Equipments and materials-Plant layout- Scale modelling- piping design and layout.

MODULE 2

Plant location and site selection- preliminary dates construction projects - site development

foundation - Erection and site fabrication –Construction- Alignment and insulation- Startup &

commissioning- Trial runs- Guarantees sums and hand over- Company formation process

license- Technology Transfer- statutory sanctions- contracts and contractors- financing with

special reference to financial institutions in India, personnel recruitment and training.

MODULE 3

Economic evaluation of projects- Capital requirements and cost of production-profitability-Break

even analysis and minimum cost analysis- Budgeting and financial control- Depreciation and

Taxes- Insurances- Technical advancement and inflation-Financial statements

Project scheduling: Bar chart, CPM, PERT methods

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Peters and Timmerhaus - Plant design and economics for chemical engineers 1980.

2. Vilbrent and Dryden-Chemical engineering plant design - TMH, 1975.

3. Bhasin S.D-Project Engineering of process plants

REFERENCE :

1. Process engineering economics - G.S. Davies Chemical engineering curriculum development

Centre, IIT Madras.

2. Anilkumar, Chemical process synthesis and engineering design, TMH 1981.

Note:

The question paper consists of Part A and Part B

Part A is for 40 marks and comprises of ten compulsory short answer questions each carrying 4

marks, covering the entire syllabus.

Part B is for 60 marks. Part B comprises of two questions from each module. The candidate has

to answer one full question of 20 marks from each module

152

08.806 EL V (F) MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN CHEMICAL

ENGINEERING

Credits: 4 L/T/P: 2/2/0

Module 1

Models in Chemical Engineering: Modeling and simulation. Linear equations. Nonlinear

equations. vectors, vector spaces, Metrics, Norms, Inner products, Linear dependence and

dimension. Gram- Schmidt Orthonormalisation. Matrices, Eigen values, Eigen vectors, Fredholm

alternative. Applications to Chemical Engineering: Linear algebraic equations, Systems of first

order homogeneous Ordinary Differential Equations (initial value problems). First order

nonhomogeneous ordinary differential Equations (Initial Value Problems). Geometric basis of

the method. Implications in process control. non self- adjoint systems. Partial differential

Equations: Classification of Second order partial differential equations. Linearity and

superposition.

Module 2

Sturm- Louiville Theory: Infinite dimensional spaces, Eigen value problems, Classical Eigen

value problems, Fourier Series, Rayleigh’s Quotient. Separation of variables and Fourier

Transforms: Rectangular Cartesian Coordinates. Cylindrical coordinates, Spherical coordinates,

Fourier series and finite Fourier Transforms, Fourier Transform and unbounded domains.

Laplace Transform. Green’s Function: Ordinary Differential Equations. Green’s function for

partial differential equations. Unbounded domains

Module 3

Uniqueness conditions for Linear and Nonlinear Systems. Maximum principle, Energy methods,

Fredholm alternative, Monotone iteration method. Steady State Characteristics of Nonlinear

Dynamical Systems: Dynamic systems, Steady state, Continuation methods. Linear Stability and

Limit Cycles: Linear Stability of Dynamical Systems. Bifurcation Theory, Maps. Secondary

bifurcation and chaos: Landau- Hopf Scenario, Period Doubling Cascade, Ruelle- Takens

Scenario, Characterization of Trajectory.

Text Book:

1. S. Pushpavanam, “Mathematical Methods in Chemical Engineering”, Prentice

Hall of India Pvt. Ltd. 1998.

References:

1. T. K. V. Iyengar, B. Krishna Gandhi et al. “Mathematical Methods”, S. Chand

& Company.

2. Gilbert Strang, “Linear Algebra and Applications”, Holden Day Publishers.

3. Irvin Kreyszig, “Advanced Engineering Mathematics”, New Age International

(Pvt) Ltd, New Delhi..

Note:

The question paper shall contain two parts. Part A shall contain ten compulsory short questions,

evenly distributed over the whole syllabus and each carrying 4 marks. Part B shall contain three

separate modules with two questions from each module of the syllabus. The candidate has to

answer any one from each module. Questions in each module shall carry 20 marks each.

153

08.806 EL V (G) PROCESS ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES IN ELECTRONIC AND

CERAMIC MATERIAL FABRICATION (H)

Credits: 4 L/T/P: 2/2/0

MODULE I

Introduction – Definition, classification and scope of ceramics, Ceramics Vs metals and

organics, Historical perspective on the development of ceramics and ceramic industries.

Elementary ideas about the raw materials used in pottery, Heavy clayweres, Refractoriers, Glass,

Cement, Industries.

Raw materials – clays and their classification, Quartz, Polymorphism of quartz, Feldspar and its

classification, Talc, Steatite and Mica. Conventional ceramics – Classification, Elementary ideas

about whitewares, Cement, Glass, Refractories, Glaze and Enamels their manufacture and

applications.

Newer ceramics – classification and scope of Cermets, Abrasives, Electro ceramics, Bioceramics,

Space ceramics, Automotive ceramics, Superconducting ceramics, Elementary ideas of

their preparation and their applications.

MODULE II

Fabrication methods: Classification and scope of various fabrication methods. Brief study of dry,

semi dry pressing extrusion, Jiggering and jollying, Slip casting HP and HIP.

Drying of ceramics, biscuit firing and glost firing, fast firing technology, action of heat on

triaxial body, Elementary ideas of various furnaces used is ceramic industries.

Applications of ceramic products in everyday life, in different fields such as metallurgy, civil

engineering, electrical, electronics, automobiles, aerospace and energy engineering.

MODULE III

Atomic structure, introduction to semiconductor materials, solar cells, transistors, basic chemical

and physical techniques used in the modern processing of materials at the micro and nanoscales

particularly in the microelectronics industry, process sequence of fabrication, control of microcontamination,

Physical deposition, microlithography, doping, etching processes, oxidation,

chemical vapour deposition, dielectric formation, Ion beam modification of materials, epitaxial

growth, plasma processes, packaging materials, Reaction-diffusion based processing, reactor

Design.

Design and Fabrication Technology: Resistors and capacitors: Fabrication techniques – bulk

(wire, powder, flexes), thin film, thick films. Pn junction diode: Fabrication steps- crystal

growth, doping, oxidation, diffusion, ion implantation, lithography, metallization and etching.

154

REFERENCES

1. Singer F. and Singer S.S, Industrial Ceramics, Hal Leonard Publishing Corporation

2. Norton F.H, Elements of Ceramics, Addison Wesley Series

3. Kingery W.D, Introduction to Ceramics, John Wiley

4. Hummel R.E, Electronic Properties of Materials, Springer Verlag

5. David Jiles, Electronic Properties of Materials, Nelson Thornes

6. Ghandhi S.K, VLSI fabrication principles

7. Middleman S. and Hochberg A.K,Process Engineering Analysis in Semiconductor

Device Fabrication, McGraw-Hill.

8. S. M. Dhir, Electronic components and materials principles, manufacturing,

maintenance, Tata McGraw Hill

9. Kasap S. O, Principle of electronic material and devices, Tata McGraw Hill

10. Reed S, Introduction to the Principles of Ceramic Processing, 2nd Ed., John Wiley &

Sons.

11. Rahaman M. N. Ceramic Processing, CRC Press, 2007.

12. Richerson D. W, Modern Ceramic Engineering: Properties, Processing, and Use in

Design, 3rd ed, CRC Press

13. Brosan D. A and Robinson G. C, Introduction to Drying of Ceramics, The American

Ceramic Society, Ohio, USA

14. Mehrer H., Diffusion in Solids: Fundamentals, Methods, Materials, Diffusion Controlled

Processes, Springer, 2007.

Note

The question paper consists of Part A and Part B. Part A is for 40 marks. Part A consists of 10

compulsory short answer questions each carrying 4 marks covering the entire syllabus.

Part B is for 60 marks. There will be two questions from each module. The candidate has to

answer one question of 20 marks from each module.

155

08.807 PROJECT AND COMPREHENSIVE VIVA-VOCE

Credits: 4 L/T/P: 0/0/4

Students should submit a project report of the actual work done during their course.

Credits: Project and Viva – 100 marks